摘要
首次创业失败会对连续创业产生怎样的影响?创业失败的负向烙印效应如何消退?本研究探索首次创业失败的烙印效应与消退机制,并运用中国劳动力动态调查的跨区域数据进行实证检验。研究发现,首次创业失败对连续创业具有负向影响;但创业者越年轻、创业失败持续时长越短、失败时处于企业成长期,以及当失败发生在社会环境宽容和支持的区域,首次创业失败者更容易重整旗鼓、连续创业。本研究拓展和补充了烙印理论在创业失败领域的应用,对创业者走出失败藩篱、东山再起具有实践意义,对政府推动高质量创业活动也具有启发。
After the failure of the first entrepreneurship,why do some entrepreneurs give up while others restart?The study aims to explore the effects of a new,understudied imprint—the first entrepreneurial event—on serial entrepreneurship.Based on the imprinting theory,this paper first explores the negative effect of entrepreneurial failure on serial entrepreneurship,and then discusses how features of sensitive period and stamps of the environment during the genesis of imprinting affect the decay of imprinting.We explore the effects of four elements(failed entrepreneur’s age,the duration and the development stage of the failed entrepreneurial firm,as well as social tolerance)on serial entrepreneurship.The study uses the multi-regional data from China Labor-force Dynamic Survey to conduct the empirical study.The main findings are listed as follows:(1)the first entrepreneurial failure event has a negative effect on serial entrepreneurial activity.(2)The younger the entrepreneur ending the first failure event,the greater the likelihood of serial entrepreneurship.(3)The duration of the entrepreneurial failure event exhibits an inverted u-shaped relationship on serial entrepreneurialactivity.(4)When the entrepreneurial failure event happens in the firm’s growth stage(compared with ending in the introductory stage and the maturity stage),the likelihood of serial entrepreneurship is higher.(5)When the first entrepreneurial failure event occurred in a more tolerant region,the likelihood of serial entrepreneurship is higher.The study also examines the gender differences of the effect of the first entrepreneurial failure event on serial entrepreneurship and finds that compared to male,female tends to be more sensitive to the first startup failure.This research applies the imprinting theory into entrepreneurship,and,for the first time,evaluates the profound impact of the first entrepreneurial event on entrepreneurs’economic behaviors.Relevant research focused on the entities’behaviors and environment during the metamorphosis of imprinting(the period after first startup ends),while this paper focuses on entrepreneurs and environment during the genesis of imprinting.Further,previous research analyzed the factors affecting serial entrepreneurship mainly from the perspectives of cognitive,risk perception,attribution and learning,while ignored the previous entrepreneurial imprinting.Consequently,this paper enriches the research perspectives of both imprinting theory and serial entrepreneurship.Moreover,this study sheds light on how entrepreneurs escape the entrepreneurial failure trap and move forward,and also provide insights on how government promotes high-quality entrepreneurial activities.Firstly,the government could strengthen the education to improve the entrepreneurial skills,support the media and the public to objectively understand the difficulties of entrepreneurship,and improve the public’s tolerance to failure,which may relieve entrepreneurs’social pressure and,further,bring their startup experience into full play.Secondly,besides supporting novice entrepreneurs,the government should also pay attention and provide more support on experienced serial entrepreneurs.Finally,entrepreneurs’failure stories and inspiring experiences could be shared by media,which may promote the sustainable development of the healthy entrepreneurial ecosystem.
作者
郑馨
陈芸
陆思茗
潘哲文
ZHENG Xin;CHEN Yun;LU Si-ming;PAN Zhe-wen(School of Business,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;School of Applied Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Business School,National University of Singapore,Singapore 1192451,China;Lingnan College,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期885-895,926,共12页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72174217,71803200)
教育部人文社科规划项目(19YJAZH118)
关键词
创业失败
连续创业
烙印理论
entrepreneurial failure
serial entrepreneurship
imprinting theory
作者简介
郑馨(1982-),女,湖北荆州人,副教授,博士,研究方向为创业与创新;通讯作者:陈芸(1998-),女,广东潮州人,博士研究生,研究方向为创业与创新。E-mail:chenyun@ruc.edu.cn;陆思茗(1997-),女,浙江嘉兴人,硕士研究生,研究方向为创业与创新;潘哲文(1989-),男,广东韶关人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为微观计量经济学理论及应用。
