摘要
从古人的"事理"喻说,到今人的"学理"言说,人们对小说之原初形态和面貌进行过各种各样的探索。大致说,古人主要采取"事理"话语对逆势"考镜源流"的结果进行喻说:一则把倡导"姑妄言之,姑妄听之"的列子、庄子及其"子书"喻说为小说之祖;一则沿承汉人将稗官或方士之作当作本源,或沿承唐人从"史乘"的维度探源论流。基于古人的两套"事理"喻说,今人主要借鉴"进化论""起源学"以及"发生学"等西方科学方法,进行"学理"言说,分别提出"史乘"说"、子书"说"、稗官"说"、方士"说"、神话"说、"寓言"说,以及"多源共生""多祖同衍"等诸说。然而,由于中国小说血脉错杂、源流错综,因而各种以"起源"为命题的"学理"言说引发了聚讼纷纭。而今,若从有迹可循的"文本"及"互文性"等"文理"视角着眼,我们便可发现,中国小说胎孕于子部、史部典籍,虽然从先秦至西汉已有个别早产儿,但经过"多源共生""杂体互通"的孕育,大约在东汉才出现大量"儿孙"降生、自成一家的局面。
The conceptual origins of Chinese novels have been examined in a multitude of ways from story-development analogies to theoretical interpretations to elaborate upon their morphology.The story-development analogies took two approaches:1)the stories in the philosophical classics of all schools pre-Qin dynasty were conceptualized as the origin of Chinese novels;2)either the works by Baiguan(稗官)and alchemists(方士)in the Han Dynasty or the annals in the Tang Dynasty were conceived as their origins.In contemporary times,by adopting western methodology,the origins of Chinese novels are interpreted theoretically as different categories such as annals,Zishu,Baiguan,alchemists,mythologies,fables,and miscellanies.However,in academic circles these arguments are contentious.A modern perspective of textual explorations on reliable"text"and"intertextuality"can be utilized to reveal that:Chinese novels originated from philosophical and historical classics,then burgeoned into a flourishing literary family by the Eastern Han Dynasty despite those earlier attempts from the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Western Han Dynasty.
出处
《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期1-13,共13页
Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA247)
关键词
原初
事理
学理
多源共生
杂体互通
文本之理
Conceptual Origins
Story-development Analogies
Theoretical Interpretations
Plural Symbiosis
Intertextuality
Textuality
作者简介
李桂奎,山东大学文艺美学研究中心教授,博士生导师,主要从事明清小说与文论研究。
