摘要
We aim to systematically review challenges imposed by emerging distributed energy resources(DERs)to model in two basic distribution management system(DMS)online applications—power flow and short-circuit analysis,as well as to offer a systematic review of potential solutions.In the last decade,electronically coupled DERs became increasingly popular.DERs can employ a wide range of control strategies for power,current,or voltage control,in both normal and faulted conditions.Therefore,DERs cannot be modeled with the traditional PQ(load or generator bus)or PV(generator bus)bus types used for modeling synchronous and induction machines in online power flow calculations.Moreover,since fault currents of DERs are limited to predefined maximal values,electronically coupled DERs cannot be represented with traditional voltage source behind impedance models for online short-circuit calculation(SCC).However,most of the DMS software packages still use the traditional models to represent all DER types,including those that are electronically coupled.This paper shows that there will be large calculation errors in such practice,which make the system model an inadequate representation of the system.This will lead to serious errors in the management,control,and operation of distribution systems.Nonetheless,potential solutions to the challenges are systematically reviewed.Finally,the calculation results on a distribution test system with all DER types are used to prove the claim.
We aim to systematically review challenges imposed by emerging distributed energy resources(DERs)to model in two basic distribution management system(DMS) online applications—power flow and short-circuit analysis,as well as to offer a systematic review of potential solutions.In the last decade,electronically coupled DERs became increasingly popular.DERs can employ a wide range of control strategies for power,current,or voltage control,in both normal and faulted conditions.Therefore,DERs cannot be modeled with the traditional PQ(load or generator bus) or PV(generator bus) bus types used for modeling synchronous and induction machines in online power flow calculations.Moreover,since fault currents of DERs are limited to predefined maximal values,electronically coupled DERs cannot be represented with traditional voltage source behind impedance models for online short-circuit calculation(SCC).However,most of the DMS software packages still use the traditional models to represent all DER types,including those that are electronically coupled.This paper shows that there will be large calculation errors in such practice,which make the system model an inadequate representation of the system.This will lead to serious errors in the management,control,and operation of distribution systems.Nonetheless,potential solutions to the challenges are systematically reviewed.Finally,the calculation results on a distribution test system with all DER types are used to prove the claim.
基金
the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia for its support to this research through the ProjectⅢ-42004.
作者简介
Luka V.STREZOSKI received the B.S.,M.Sc.,and Ph.D.degrees(with honors)in Power Engineering from the University of Novi Sad,Serbia,in 2013,2014,and 2017,respectively.His Ph.D.research was conducted in a joint supervision between University of Novi Sad and Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland,USA.He is currently with the Faculty of Technical Sciences,University of Novi Sad,as an Assistant Professor,as well as with Schneider Electric DMS company,as a Business Analyst at the DMS product management.He is also involved with Case Western Reserve University,as a visiting affiliate.His research interests include distribution system modeling,renewable distribution generation modeling,and integration of DERs into the DMS and DERMS power applications.lxs533@case.edu;Nikola R.VOJNOVIC received his B.S.and M.Sc.degrees in electrical engineering from Faculty of Technical Sciences,University of Novi Sad.Presently,he is an assistant at the same university.He also works as a software engineer at the company Schneider Electric DMS.His research interests include power flow studies of emerging large scale transmission and distribution networks.nikovoj@uns.ac.rs;Vladimir C.STREZOSKI is professor and Head of the Power Department at the University of Novi Sad,Serbia.Professor Strezoski is also with Schneider Electric DMS Novi Sad,at the position of Director for human development.He received the B.S.,M.S.,and Ph.D.degrees in Power Engineering from the University of Belgrade,Serbia,in 1973,1978,and 1985,respectively.His research interests include power and distribution systems analysis,operation control and planning.In addition,he participates in the development of Schneider Electric’s DMS and EMS as industry-grade products.vladimir.strezoski@schneider-electric-dms.com;Predrag M.VIDOVIC received his B.Sc.,M.Sc.and Ph.D.degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Novi Sad,Serbia,in 2005,2008 and 2015,respectively.He is with the University of Novi Sad,Serbia.His research interests include power systems and distribution networks analysis.pvidovic@uns.ac.rs;Marija D.PRICA received the B.S.and M.S.degrees in Power Engineering from the University of Novi Sad in 2000 and 2006,respectively,and Ph.D.degree from Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh,USA in 2010.She is an Assistant Professor at Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland,USA.Her research interests include distribution system planning and protection,integration of advanced technologies and control,decision-making for future electricity systems,and optimization of energy storage operation.mxp438@case.edu;Kenneth A.LOPARO is the Nord professor of engineering and Chair of the EECS Department at Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland,USA.His research interests include stability and control of nonlinear systems with applications to large-scale electric power systems,nonlinear filtering with applications to monitoring,fault detection,diagnosis,and reconfigurable control,etc.kal4@case.edu
