摘要
动补结构的研究以往主要集中在语法学领域,词汇学角度的讨论较少。文章第一部分以《现代汉语造词词典》为范围进行统计,现代汉语双音节动补式合成词共计943个,其中动词性语素(前项)473个,补充语素(后项)263个,两种语素在语义特征上有明显的不同。第二部分以构词数量最多的补充语素"动"为例,从语义上探讨由先秦时期的并列式逐渐演变为动补式的过程。最后以"X动"为例,说明近代以来双音节动补合成词的形成是构造正式语体的产物。
The research of verb-complement structure is mainly focused on the field of grammar.It needs more discussion from the point of lexicology.According to our statistics,there are totally 943 disyllabic verb-complement compounds in modern Chinese.And thare are 473 verb morpheme(the first one)and 263 complement-morpheme(the second one),which has different semantic features from each other.In the second part,we take the complement-morpheme"动"as an example to discuss from the semantic point of view the gradual evolution of the juxtaposition in pre-Qin period to verb-complement compounds at last.Finally,it is shown by the example of"X动"that the disyllabic verb-complement compounds is a result of the formation of formal language.
基金
北京市社会科学基金项目“语体理论观照下的汉语词汇衍生研究”(编号:16YYB023)资助
关键词
动补式
正式语体
双音化
语义内涵
verb-complement compounds
formal language
disyllablization
semantic feature
