摘要
乡风文明建设是实现乡村振兴的重要保障,加强农村思想道德建设、传承发展农村优秀传统文化,是乡风文明的核心。乡村振兴战略实施离不开少数民族地区和少数民族群众的积极参与,少数民族群众在漫长历史发展进程中创造的传统文化植根于各民族群众的心灵中,具有广泛而持久的影响,其中蕴含的优秀思想文化和道德观念至今仍具有强大的生命力,是少数民族地区培育文明乡风的重要思想资源。在少数民族地区推进乡村振兴战略实施,应立足于各民族历史上形成的传统文化资源,在深入挖掘、传承其中的优秀文化基因的基础上,进行创造转化和创新发展,使少数民族传统文化成为新时代民族地区推进乡风文明建设的有效动力。
Constructing rural civility in ethnic minority areas should be rooted in the excellent traditional cultures of ethnic minorities.Rural civility is an important way to transmit excellent Chinese culture.It is related to the spiritual outlook and development strength of a village,and is an indispensable part of the rural revitalization strategy as well as the guarantee of rural revitalization.Having close contact and mutual influence with the content of several other aspects of the rural revitalization,rural civility runs throughout each aspect of rural construction.Culture is the soul of rural revitalization,and the core of rural civility is to strengthen ideological and moral construction,and inherit and develop excellent traditional culture in rural areas.The implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization cannot be separated from the active participation of ethnic minority areas and ethnic minority people,and constructing rural civility in ethnic minority areas must also transmit,develop and promote traditional ethnic cultures.Ethnic minority cultures are an important part of Chinese national culture.Throughout the long process of historical development,ethnic minority people have created rich and colorful cultural achievements with their wisdom,which are treasures in the store house of Chinese national culture.Cultural self-confidence is the deepest and most lasting power of a nation.The ideological cultural and moral values contained in the traditional cultures of ethnic minorities are enshrined in the minds of the people of all ethnic groups,and are integrated into their blood.They are the spiritual ties that bind the members of ethnic minorities and are the important spiritual force that sustains the continuity of the group,having a broad and far-reaching influence among the ethnic minority peoples.Much of the content of the traditional cultures of the ethnic minorities is consistent with the value orientation of the Chinese nation and the requirements for socialist core values.This content is part of the valuable resources for the ethnic minority areas to nourish and cultivate rural civility.However,it also inevitably carries the vestiges of former times.In today’s construction of rural civility,in order to promote the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,we should,on the one hand,uncover those ideological concepts and moral standards found in traditional ethnic minority cultures,and transform the excellent elements,such as filial piety,unity and mutual assistance,honesty and kindness into the foundation for constructing a harmonious rural civility.On the other hand,we should take the requirements of the times into consideration,change old concepts and inject new intensions,so as to enable the traditional cultures of ethnic minorities manifest the style of the New Era,and meet the requirements for the construction of rural civility.In order to transmit the excellent cultural elements of ethnic minorities and cultivate rural civility,we should start from the following two aspects:1)promote the excellent ethical thoughts of ethnic minorities and increase the resources for moral education in the cultivation of rural civility.In the course of historical development,various ethnic groups in China have formed ethical thoughts that reflect their own ethnic ideology,modes of thinking and behavioral norms,all of which are the important resources and ideological basis for constructing rural civility in ethnic minority areas.The concepts of filial piety,respect for the elderly,unity and harmony,honesty and trustworthiness,hard work and frugality are prominent in the ancient songs,proverbs,inscriptions and local rules of various ethnic groups in China.The traditional cultures of China’s ethnic groups are a precious ideological and cultural heritage accumulated by the people of all ethnic groups throughout the long course of history.Compared with social and economic forms,they have a certain stability and durability,and the ethical thoughts and spiritual values contained within them still have strong vitality.These ideological virtues are also quite consistent with the socialist core values advocated today.Naturally,they should form the important ideological foundation that is needed and necessary in for constructing rural civility in ethnic minority areas,and should be deeply explored and vigorously transmitted and carried forward.2)Borrow from traditional cultural forms such as village rules and conventions to enhance the effectiveness of cultivating civilized rural culture.Throughout the long course of history,various ethnic groups in China have created a rich culture of local laws,genealogies,and other cultural regulations.It is on the basis of these cultural forms that the ethnic culture is passed on from generation to generation,and the moral education of the young people is realized.In order to adjust the social relations and maintain the normal production and life order,the ethnic minorities in China have formed abundant customary laws in history.These serve as the moral norms and basic principles for maintaining local social order,mediating disputes and regulating people’s behavior.Village rules,family rules,genealogies,folk songs and other forms of cultural inheritance are well known and highly recognized by ethnic minority people as ones which have a far-reaching influence in the ethnic minority areas and among the ethnic minority people.We should make full use of these cultural forms to make village conventions,family rules and instructions related to the family education and village governance in which to integrate the core socialist values,and which can then be easily understood by the villagers.Through their subtle influence,these can guide the words and deeds of the villagers,let the village rules and regulations walk from the paper or walls into the hearts of the masses,bringing new trends to the countryside,and effectively"nurture"rural civility.We can start from the following four aspects to innovate the mediums of excellent cultural inheritance and broaden the channels for cultivating rural civility:1)increase the construction of public cultural facilities in ethnic rural areas and build a stage or a position for carrying forward the fine traditional cultures.The construction of facilities such as rural libraries,folk custom centers,cultural lecture halls,cultural and sports squares,and activity rooms should be promoted so as to transmit the fine traditional cultures.2)strengthen the edification of cultural atmosphere;construct excellent traditional culture walls,traditional culture corridors,and elaborate the role of the ethnic culture exhibition hall.3)carry out thematic practice activities;guide the villagers to pay attention to civilization,morality and hygiene;let virtues,such as the respect for the elderly and love for the young,unity and mutual assistance,honesty and kindness,and getting rich from working hard,become the order of the day;let traditional culture subtly form a positive spiritual outlook and rural civility,so as to make the beautiful countryside show its vitality,and realize the goal of rural revitalization.4)give full play to the role of radio and television,newspapers and periodicals,billboards,slogans and public service advertisements in order to publicize the core socialist values.At the same time,make full use of the role of media networks to integrate the publicity for and education of rural civility into the cultural networks,such as microblogs,WeChat,micro-broadcasts and micro-videos Doing so will make the internet an important platform for publicizing rural civility and promoting core socialist values.
作者
王岚
Wang Lan(School of Marxism,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第2期103-109,145-146,共9页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
教育部人文社科规划项目“苗族家风家教与社会主义核心价值观培育践行研究”(18YJAZH090)
四川省社会科学高水平研究团队建设计划资助项目阶段性成果
西南民族大学2020年中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“新时代民族高校思政课中培育大学生中华民族共同体意识研究”的研究成果
关键词
少数民族
优秀传统文化
乡风文明
ethnic minorities
excellent traditional cultures
rural civility
作者简介
王岚(1967-),女,贵州松桃人,西南民族大学马克思主义学院教授,研究方向:民族学、马克思主义中国化。四川成都610041
