摘要
伟大建筑必然蕴含着伟大精神。以长城化解战争,体现了贵和反战思想。修筑长城,主观目的是适度阻隔游牧民族与农耕民族,客观上却促进了双方的交流交融与深度互嵌,加速了民族融合的进程。长城是一次性巨额投入,却可以持久发挥作用的工事,体现了中国文化自我牺牲、造福子孙的传统。长城具有防御功能,但保家卫国还需要选拔人才、团结将士、万众一心、众志成城。修筑长城体现了中国文化尚和厌战、疏堵结合、暂劳永逸、物质与精神互补的辩证思维。长城蕴含了化解战争、守护文明、维护秩序、凝聚民心的多重寓意。长城两边农耕民族与游牧民族的碰撞交融,使农业文明稳定、积累、内敛、包容的特点与游牧文明粗犷、豪放、进取、冲击的特点相结合,为中华文明注入了动能和活性,是保护中华文明不断延续的有力工具,是凝聚民族精神的重要标志。
To maintain the order of communication between farming people and nomadic people and therefore defuse the war,the northern feudal states and the later unified regimes in the Central Plains of China unanimously adopted the strategy of building the Great Wall,hereby also preventing nomadic people from moving southwards.Subjectively,the purpose of building the historic Great Wall was to properly separate nomads from farming people,in an effort to ensure the normal development of the farming civilization in the south area of the Great Wall.Objectively,the construction of the Great Wall did not prevent a constant communication between farming people and nomads.On the contrary,it enhanced the economic complementarity between them.Intermarriages,trade activities,and cultural exchange solved the complementary needs of the economies on both sides,promoting agricultural and nomadic economic development,accelerating the cultural pluralistic integration process on both sides of the Great Wall,realizing deep inter-embedding,reflecting a dialectical thinking of the coexistence of separation and communication,blocking and dredging.It can be said that the construction of the Great Wall had never been a short-term project of seeking quick success and instant benefits,but rather a choice based on a long-term blueprint and sacrificing the self to benefit future generations;this was in line with both the awareness of being prepared for unexpected risks as part of Chinese culture and the Chinese people’s traditional responsibility for seeking long-term profits.The Great Wall was a tight,integrated,and networked defense system with the wall as the core,including an early warning system,a garrison,reclamation,logistics,and postal functions.After the Central Plains regime built the Great Wall,it was able to attack,defend,reconcile,and farm,which promoted social stability and economic output,and grasped the initiative in dealing with nomads.History and practice have moreover shown that it certainly wasn’t enough to have only the material Great Wall.To truly protect home and country,the rulers must select talents,rally troops,and unite all peoples in one mind to form a spiritual fortress.Due to the fact that the Great Wall had been built 2000 years ago,the farming population were able to live and work in a relatively peaceful and stable environment,meanwhile,it also strengthened the interdependence between the nomadic and farming peoples and created for the people both a sense of identity and a centripetal force pointing towards the unified political power,promoting the great unification pattern in Chinese history.Collision and blending of the farming and nomadic cultures on both sides of the Great Wall gradually took on the characteristics of the agricultural civilization with the characteristics of a nomadic civilization,injecting momentum and vitality into the Chinese civilization,and also making the Chinese civilization show its tenacity and vitality.The spirit of the Great Wall reflects the Chinese people’s sense of crisis and further enflames the people’s patriotic enthusiasm.The Great Wall contains multiple meanings of averting war,safeguarding civilization,maintaining order,and uniting the people.Additionally,the construction of the Great Wall mirrors the dialectical thinking of Chinese culture,which advocates peace and detests war,combines blocking with dredging,seeks long-term benefits from hard work,and complements the material with the spiritual.In conclusion,the Great Wall can be regarded as a powerful tool to preserve the Chinese civilization and an important symbol to unite the national spirit.
作者
王绍东
Wang Shaodong(School of History and Tourism Culture,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,010020,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期11-18,135,共9页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
内蒙古大学中华民族共同体研究中心2022年开放性重点课题“长城文化与中华民族精神研究”(NDZH202202)
国家社科基金铸牢中华民族共同体意识专项课题重大项目“习近平总书记关于铸牢中华民族共同体意识重要论述及内蒙古的实践路径研究”(21VMZ003)阶段性成果
关键词
长城
中国文化
辩证思维
民族精神
the Great Wall
Chinese culture
dialectical thinking
national spirit
作者简介
王绍东,男,内蒙古宁城人,内蒙古大学历史与旅游文化学院教授。研究方向:民族历史。内蒙古呼和浩特010020
