摘要
马铃薯是内蒙古的特色和优势作物,然而长期以来,马铃薯生产中的养分管理不尽合理,肥料利用率低下,不仅造成肥料资源的浪费,而且增加了产区的环境风险。针对这一生产问题,团队在系统阐明马铃薯养分吸收规律、产量形成规律的基础上,以提高养分供应与马铃薯需求的时空匹配度为技术突破,根据“氮、磷、钾”三要素的养分特性,研究形成了“前轻后重、形态配伍、实时监测、分期调控”的氮肥管理模式、“时空调控与土壤活化相结合”的磷肥无效化阻控模式、“土壤测试与植株诊断相结合”的钾肥推荐方法。上述技术与模式的应用大幅提高了马铃薯的产量和肥料利用效率。
The potato is a specific crop with dominant position in Inner Mongolia.However,for a long time,the nutrient management in potato production has been unreasonable,and utilization rate of fertilizer is low,which not only causes waste of fertilizer resources,but also brings an increasing environmental risk to the production region.In order to solve this problem,after farming survey and analysis,the research group set improving the nutrient supply and potato demand matching as technical breakthrough point.By systematically clarified the law of potato plant nutrient absorption and tuber yield formation,the nutrient management models for nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were formed based on the physicochemical characteristics of the three elements.The nitrogen management model was"light application in the early stage and heavy application in the late stage,proper combination of NH-N and NO-N,real-time monitoring,staged regulation".The phosphorus loss impeding model was"spatiotemporal regulation with soil activation".The potassium management model was"proper combination of soil testing and plant diagnosis".The application of the above techniques in potato production in Inner Mongolia greatly improved the potato yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency.
作者
贾立国
秦永林
于静
陈杨
刘坤
石晓华
樊明寿
JIA Liguo;QIN Yonglin;YU Jing;CHEN Yang;LIU Kun;SHI Xiaohua;FAN Mingshou(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China;College of Grassland and Resource Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China)
出处
《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2022年第5期31-36,共6页
Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
内蒙古草原英才创新团队
内蒙古高等学校创新团队“马铃薯高产高效”项目
关键词
马铃薯
养分管理
产量
氮
磷
钾
Potato
Nutrient management
Yield
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
作者简介
贾立国(1982—),男,副教授,主要从事马铃薯水分及营养生理方面的研究;通信作者:樊明寿,E-mail:fmswh@126.com
