摘要
国产玉米青贮收获机切碎装置的动定刀间隙依赖人工手动调节,过程繁琐且调节精度较低,尚未实现自动化控制,为此,本文提出了先接触后退刀的动定刀间隙调节思路,设计了一种电驱摇臂偏心式动定刀间隙调节装置,在动刀为人字形排布的切碎装置两侧各安装一组,同步调节定刀先“接触”动刀使间隙“清零”,后退定刀,重新调节间隙至设定值;设计了基于振动加速度传感器的控制系统,通过定刀即将接触旋转动刀时的振动加速度信号判断接触状态;搭建了青贮收获机动定刀间隙自动调节试验台,以间隙设定值和滚筒转速为试验因素,以左、右两侧动刀与定刀间隙的均匀性变异系数为评价指标进行双因素重复试验。结果表明,间隙设定值、滚筒转速对间隙调节均匀性均具有显著影响,二者交互作用不显著;左、右两侧间隙同步调节误差仅为0.12%(<1%);滚筒转速为500 r/min时,各间隙设定值下左、右两侧间隙调节精度均最高,间隙设定值为0.2、0.6、1.0 mm时,间隙均匀性变异系数均值分别为6.03%、5.78%、5.36%,符合设计要求(≤10%);试验结果表明滚筒转速越低,间隙设定值越大,间隙调节越均匀。该研究实现了人字形排布的平板式动刀与定刀间隙的精准调节与控制。
In silage harvesting process, the clearance between moving and fixed blades has an important influence on the shearing performance of silage harvester cutting device, which directly affects the quality of silage cutting. Although the development of domestic silage harvester markets increases mature, the key technology of clearance automatic adjusting is still lacking for silage harvester. At present, the manual regulation is still relied on, and the complicated regulating process seriously increases labor intensity, and even delays the farming time. In order to improve the mechanization and automation level of clearance adjusting for silage harvester, an electric drive rocker arm eccentric clearance automatic adjustment device was designed. One end of the rocker arm was driven by the motor to rotate with the thread shaft, and the other end was connected with the fixed blade seat. The fixed blade rotated around the rotating shaft under the drive of the rocker arm, so as to realize the adjustment of the appropriate gap. A clearance control system based on vibration acceleration sensor was developed, and the contact state was judged by vibration acceleration signal when the fixed blade and moving blade contacted. For checking the rationality of the clearance automatic adjustment device structure and the accuracy of the control system, indoor tests were carried out at three clearance measured values of 0.2 mm, 0.6 mm and 1.0 mm, and three chopping cylinder rotating speeds of 500 r/min, 800 r/min and 1 100 r/min. Test results showed that the clearance measured value and chopping cylinder rotating speed had a very significant effect on the clearance uniformity between the moving blade and fixed blade by the analysis of variance. With the increase of rotating speed of chopping cylinder, the variation coefficient of the clearance uniformity between the moving blade and fixed blade was increased. With the increase of clearance measured value, the variation coefficient of the clearance uniformity was decreased. The precision of left and right clearance synchronization adjusting was high, while the highest error was only 0.12%(<1%). When the rotating speed of chopping cylinder was 500 r/min, and the clearance measured value was 0.2 mm, 0.6 mm and 1.0 mm, respectively, the variation coefficient of the clearance uniformity between the moving blade and fixed blade was 6.03%, 5.78% and 5.36%, respectively. The device and its control system realized precise clearance regulation and control, which provided technical support for the intelligent control of domestic silage harvesting device.
作者
陈美舟
徐广飞
宋志才
魏懋健
刁培松
辛世界
CHEN Meizhou;XU Guangfei;SONG Zhicai;WEI Maojian;DIAO Peisong;XIN Shijie(School of Agricultural and Food Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期188-196,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020615)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701302)
山东省现代农业产业体系玉米创新团队机械加工岗位专家项目
山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019NJ005)
关键词
青贮收获机
切碎滚筒
间隙调节
控制系统
silage harvester
chopping cylinder
clearance adjusting
control system
作者简介
陈美舟(1989—),女,讲师,博士,主要从事现代农业机械装备研究,E-mail:chenfeng2830@163.com;通信作者:刁培松(1962—),男,教授,主要从事现代农业机械装备研究,E-mail:dps2003@163.com
