摘要
为探究定向培育的悬浮生物絮团对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)工厂化养殖系统水质环境的影响,分别使用甘蔗渣和稻壳粉搭配芽孢杆菌,在养殖池中培育悬浮生物絮团,以商业养殖模式为对照,进行为期50 d的凡纳滨对虾水泥池养殖实验(放养密度350尾/m2,初始体长(4.8±0.6) cm,初始体重(1.35±0.48) g);定期检测养殖系统的水质状况、水体和絮团的细菌密度、对虾生长状况。研究表明:甘蔗渣组和稻壳粉组的对虾成活率分别为77.14%和74.11%,与对照组相比分别提高了26.7%和21.7%(P<0.05);其产量分别为4.03和3.16 kg/m2,与对照组相比分别提高了31.7%和3.3%。甘蔗渣组的亚硝态氮和硝态氮峰值分别为2.33和2.27 mg/L,稻壳粉组的亚硝态氮和硝态氮峰值分别为2.20和2.55 mg/L,均较对照组高,且比对照组出现时间早10 d。养殖水体亚硝态氮与硝态氮浓度变动呈极显著线性负相关关系(P<0.01),拟合方程分别为对照组y=e0.2/x(R2=0.966)、甘蔗渣组y=e0.364/x(R2=0.942)和稻壳粉组y=e0.434/x(R2=0.945);其亚硝态氮转化为硝态氮的转化速率排序依次为:稻壳粉组>甘蔗渣组>对照组。研究结果表明:定向培育甘蔗渣和稻壳粉悬浮生物絮团能提升水体的硝化速率,促进亚硝态氮向硝态氮的转化,有利于维持良好的水质环境。另外,甘蔗渣和稻壳粉悬浮生物絮团也有助于提升对虾的成活率和产量,且甘蔗渣悬浮生物絮团对对虾成活率和产量的提升效果优于稻壳粉悬浮生物絮团。
The effect of suspended bioflocs developed from bagasse and rice hull powder as carriers and slow releasing carbon sources on the water quality, bacterial density and shrimp growth in Litopenaeus vannamei industrial culture system was determined in this study. The control, bagasse and rice hull powder groups were set up, three repetitions each. The experiment lasted for 50 days. The survival rate of shrimp in bagasse and rice hull powder groups was 77.14% and 74.11%, respectively, 26.7% and 21.7% higher than those in control(P>0.05), and the yield of shrimp in bagasse and rice hull powder groups was 4.03 kg/m2 and 3.16 kg/m2, respectively, 31.7% and 3.3% higher than that in control. The peaks of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen in bagasse group were 2.33 and 2.27 mg/L, respectively, and the peaks of nitrite and nitrate nitrogen in rice hull powder group were 2.20 and 2.55 mg/L, respectively, higher than those in the control, which were reached 10 days earlier than those in the control. There was a significant linear correlation between nitrite and nitrate nitrogen in all group(P<0.01). The regression curve with nitrite nitrogen as independent variable and nitrate nitrogen as dependent variable accorded with a "S" shape curve equation. The fitting equations of the control, bagasse and rice hull powder groups were y=e0.2/x(R2=0.966), y=e0.364/x(R2=0.942) and y=e0.434/x(R2=0.945), respectively. The constant terms were rice hull powder group>bagasse group>control group. We concluded that suspended bioflocs of bagasse and rice hull powder can increase nitrification rate, accelerate the transformation of nitrite nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen, maintain a good water quality environment, improve environmental capacity and increase breeding efficiency. In addition, bagasse and rice hull powder suspended biological flocs can improve the survival rate and yield of shrimp, and bagasse suspended biological flocs can improve the survival rate and yield of shrimp better than rice hull powder suspended biological flocs.
作者
雷柯柯
单洪伟
左孝文
马甡
叶建勇
LEI Ke-Ke;SHAN Hong-Wei;ZUO Xiao-Wen;MA Shen;YE Jian-Yong(The Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Suqian Agriculture Science Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Science,Suqian 223800,China)
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第S01期30-40,共11页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
河北鑫海水产生物技术有限公司产学研项目(20180236)资助。
关键词
悬浮生物絮团
凡纳滨对虾
甘蔗渣
稻壳粉
定向培育
环境调控
Suspended biological flocs
Litopenaeus vannamei
bagasse
rice hull powder
directional cultivation
environmental regulation
作者简介
雷柯柯(1993-),男,硕士生,研究方向:水产养殖生态学。E-mail:leikeke@stu.ouc.edu.cn;通讯作者:马甡,E-mail:mashen@ouc.edu.cn
