摘要
《后汉书·董祀妻传》所载蔡琰《悲愤诗》二首的真伪问题已有长达千年的争议,因缺乏实证而至今未果。实际上,丁廙《蔡伯喈女赋》正是我们此前苦苦寻求而未得的一个实证,它完整记录了蔡琰归汉前的生活经历和状况,将其与《悲愤诗》二首对读,可以发现二者描述的蔡琰事迹达到了惊人的一致,由此可证《悲愤诗》二首表现的史实是完全真实的。因《悲愤诗》二首的真实性已经在丁廙赋中得到了有力的印证,这就宣告了这场旷日持久的历史争议的结束。蔡琰曾经也是邺下文人集团的一员,其《悲愤诗》二首与曹丕、丁廙同题《蔡伯喈女赋》的创作有着密切关系,它们同是建安十八年至二十二年间邺下文人集团一次集体性文学创作活动的产物。《董祀妻传》的史料来源,应是曹魏时代项原的《列女后传》而非世所谓《蔡琰别传》。《董祀妻传》记述的蔡琰事迹和创作情况是真实可靠、确切可据的,经得起时间和历史的检验。
The authenticity of Cai Yan’s"Poem of Sorrow and Anger"contained in Biography of Dong Si’s Wife in Book of the Later Han has been debated for thousands of years.In fact,Ding Yi’s Fu on Cai Bo Jie’s Daughter is just a proof that we have been searching hard for but not been noticed before.It completely recorded Cai Yan’s life experiences before she returned to the Han Dynasty.After reading the two poems of"Sorrow and Anger",we can find that the deeds of Cai Yan recorded by the two poems are surprisingly consistent,so it can prove that the historical facts in the two poems are completely true.The source of historical materials for Biography of Dong Si’s Wife should be Xiang Yuan’s Biographies of Exemplary Women in the Cao-Wei Dynasty,rather than the so-called Biography of Cai Yan.
出处
《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期89-99,203,共12页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“汉魏六朝总集编撰与文学批评”(17BZW005)
作者简介
许云和,中山大学中文系(广州510275);石雅梅,中山大学中文系(广州510275)
