摘要
《大雅·绵》乃《诗经》中颇具代表性的长篇史诗,诗人记叙了太王迁岐开荒及文王伐戎安邦的历史事件,歌颂了周朝圣王的敬德保民与勤勉笃行。对于“曰止曰时,筑室于兹”一句中的“止”“时”二字,郑玄释“止”为“止居”、释“时”为“是”,及至清代中叶,王引之则以古人的行文之法为据,释“时”为“跱”,认为“止”“时”同为“居止”之义。然而,斟酌文义并考察字词用意,进而参照古人的占卜实践和《诗经》的行文通例,不难发现,王氏之说亦有未安,“时”当通“善”,“止”当通“祉”,二者同为“吉”义。所谓“曰止曰时”紧承上文“爰契我龟”,是对太王占卜迁岐并获吉兆的正面陈述,也是对太王顺应天时、估量地利并赢得民心的侧面烘托。
DaYa Mian(大雅·绵)is a representative long epic poem in The Book of Songs(诗经).The poet narrated the historical events of King Tai’s relocation to Qi to open up the wilderness and King Wen’s conquest of enemies to secure the state.As for the phrase“Yue Zhi Yue Shi”(曰止曰时),Zheng Xuan interpreted“Zhi”(止)as“stop”and“Shi”(时)as“this”.However,in the middle of the Qing Dynasty,Wang Yinzhi refuted the old view,and interpreted“Shi”(时)as“stop”(跱),which is the same as“Zhi”(止).However,considering the theme of the text and examining the sense of the words,and then referring to the ancient practice of divination,as well as the writing manner of The Book of Songs(诗经),we can find that Wang’s statement is also inappropriate,both“Zhi”(止)and“Shi”(时)should be viewed as“fortunate”or“lucky”.Thus,“Yue Zhi Yue Shi”(曰止曰时)carry on the content of the preceding phrase“Yuan Qi Wo Gui”(爰契我龟).It is a positive statement of King Tai’s divination for moving to Qi.what's more,it is an indirect confirmation of King Tai’s great intelligence and excellent judgment.
作者
彭慧
朱敏
PENG Hui;ZHU Min(Chinese Department,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《青海师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第4期101-107,共7页
Journal of Qinghai Normal University（Social Sciences）
基金
2020年全国高等院校古籍整理研究工作委员会直接资助项目“《诗经小学》二种整理”(2026)
2021年河南省社科规划项目“段玉裁《诗经小学》两种卷本的比较与综合研究”(2021BYY025)
关键词
《诗经》
《绵》
曰止曰时
释义
The Book of Songs
Mian(绵)
Yue Zhi Yue Shi(曰止曰时)
explanation
作者简介
彭慧(1980-),女,汉族,河南信阳人,文学博士,郑州大学文学院副教授。研究方向:汉语词汇,训诂学;朱敏(2000-),女,汉族,四川巴中人,郑州大学文学院硕士研究生。研究方向:训诂学。
