摘要
本文阐述了地理大数据时代特点和地理时空大数据对地理学研究的重要性,指出遥感卫星数据是数据量最大的地理大数据。2012年开始国家遥感中心组织力量利用中外遥感卫星数据对全球的生态环境进行分析,发布了系列年度报告,为全球环境问题研究提出了解决方案,为中国地理研究从区域研究拓展到全球研究发挥了重要作用。2018年国务院提出《科学数据管理办法》,对有效管理地理大数据和推动数据共享具有重要意义。同年中国地理学会地理大数据工作委员会成立,在解决国家需求、地理学发展、地理大数据人才队伍建设等方面发挥了积极作用。当代地理学研究过程通过获得大数据"燃料"的注入,解决问题的能力将更强,得出的分析结果能够进一步适应实际生产实践的需要和多元化的需求。在指数性爆发的地理大数据支撑下,地理学理论、方法等必将不断得到检验和完善,必将能够进一步满足"全域、全时、全要素"等新时代的要求,为社会进步和经济发展中出现的资源环境问题提供解决方案并发挥重要的作用。
This article discusses the state of geography in China in the big data era along with the importance of geographic spatiotemporal big data in geography research.Remote sensing satellite data are the largest source of geographic big data.Since 2012,the National Remote Sensing Centre of China has used Chinese and international remote sensing satellite data to analyze the global ecological environment,issued a series of annual reports that made assessment on some global environmental problems,and helped to expand geographical research in China from the regional to the global scale.In 2018,the State Council of China proposed the Scientific Data Management Measures,which contributes to the effective management of geographic big data and promote data sharing.In the same year,the Big Geographical Data Working Committee of the Geographical Society of China was established.This committee has played an active role in addressing national needs and fostering talent in geography and geographic big data.The application of big data in contemporary geographical research will strengthen its ability to solve problems and make the research results more applicable in practice.Geographic big data also allow various theories,methods,and models in geography to be tested and refined.Thus,geographic big data are expected to play an important role in solving resource-related and environmental problems resulting from social progress and economic development.
作者
廖小罕
Liao,X.H.(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《全球变化数据学报（中英文）》
CSCD
2019年第4期311-316,418-423,共12页
Journal of Global Change Data & Discovery
关键词
地理大数据
中国地理学
遥感
全球观测
生态环境
geographic big data
geography of China
remote sensing
global observation
ecological environment
作者简介
廖小罕,S-3620-2018,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,liaoxh@igsnrr.ac.cn
