多元信仰中的净土追求:日本历史上的补陀落渡海

The Pursuit of Pure Land in Pluralistic Beliefs:The Fudaraku Tokai in Japanese History

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摘要在日本独特的历史和文化背景下,观音菩萨补陀落的信仰受佛教舍身思想和末法观的影响,集合了即身成佛论、修验道、他界观以及传统丧葬习俗等多种元素,在9~18世纪形成了被称为“日本宗教史之谜”的补陀落渡海。补陀落渡海是特殊的观音净土信仰,是东亚净土信仰的特殊形态,有助于我们了解平安时代以后佛教在日本的本土化情况。补陀落渡海也是一种复杂的宗教实践和民俗行为,是考察日本宗教与民俗文化的又一进路。 In Japan’s unique historical and cultural context,the Potalaka worship of Avalokiteśvara was influenced by the Buddhist bodily sacrifice and the idea of the last Dharma.It incorporated many elements such as the ideas of the attainment of Buddhahood in the present body,the thought of Shugendo,the view of the other world,and ancient burial rituals,between the 9th and 18th centuries forming the FudarakuTokai(crossing the sea to Potalaka)what is known as the“the mystery of Japanese religious history”.The Fudaraku Tokai was an indigenous Pure Land cult of Avalokiteśvara,that provided a special form of Pure Land belief in East Asia and helped us to understand the localization of Buddhism in Japan after the Heian period.The Fudaraku Tokai was also a complex religious practice and folkloric behavior,providing another way to study Japanese religion and folkloric culture.

作者杨小平 Yang Xiaoping

机构地区山东大学犹太教与跨宗教研究中心山东大学哲学与社会发展学院

出处《日本学研究》 2024年第1期161-177,368-369,共19页

基金国家社科基金后期资助项目“华严法界思想研究”(22FZJB008) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“东亚与中国宗教研究”(22JJD730002)阶段性成果

关键词补陀落信仰补陀落渡海民俗葬仪修验道 Potalaka Worship Fudaraku Tokai Buddhist Bodily Sacrifi ce Burial Rituals

分类号 B946.8 [哲学宗教—宗教学]

作者简介杨小平,哲学博士,山东大学犹太教与跨宗教研究中心暨哲学与社会发展学院助理研究员,主要研究方向为宗教学、佛教思想、日本佛教。