摘要
固碳释氧是植物的一项重要生态功能,三峡库区消落带分布范围广、面积大,对其适生植物的固碳释氧能力进行研究具有重要的意义。以重庆市三峡库区开州区至万州区消落带13种适生植物为研究对象,通过测定其净光合速率和叶面积指数,分析研究其固碳释氧能力。结果表明,13种适生植物的净光合速率日变化曲线主要呈单峰型或双峰型曲线,单峰型曲线植物有桑(Morus alba)、白芒(Miscanthus sinensis)和辣蓼(Polygonum hydropiper),其他10种植物中山杉(Taxodium‘Zhongshanshan’)、竹柳(Salix sp.)、柑橘(Citrus reticulata)、牡荆(Vitex negundo var.cannabifolia)、地桃花(Urena lobata)、苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)、大狼杷草(Bidens frondosa)、鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)、合萌(Aeschynomene indica)的净光合速率日变化曲线均表现为双峰曲线,单位叶面积日净同化量为90.28~410.20 mmol/(m^2·d),固碳量为3.18~14.44 g/(m^2·d),释氧量为2.31~10.50 g/(m^2·d);单位土地面积日固碳量为6.15~65.47 g/(m^2·d),释氧量为4.48~47.62 g/(m^2·d)。单位叶面积固碳释氧能力聚类分析表明,乔木(3种)、灌木(3种)均分为两级,草本(7种)分为三级;单位土地面积固碳释氧能力分析表明,乔木(3种)、灌木(3种)和草本(7种)均分为两级;日固碳释氧能力较强的乔木为竹柳,灌木有地桃花和牡荆,草本有芦苇、辣蓼、鬼针草。本研究为三峡库区消落带生态修复工程中植被的选择应用提供了理论参考,为消落带修复工程示范区生态效益的评价提供了科学依据。
Carbon fixation and oxygen release(CFOR)are important ecological services provided by plants.In order to mitigate the environmental impacts resulting from dam construction,it is necessary to investigate the CFOR capabilities of plants in the water-level-fluctuation zone of reservoirs.In this study,we analyzed the CFOR capacity of 13 common plant species inhabiting the water-level-fluctuation zone of Three Gorges Reservoir by measuring the net photosynthetic rate and leaf area index of each species.The CFOR capacity of the different plant species were then ranked based on the results.The 13 species tested include three trees,three shrubs and seven herbs,distributed at elevations of 155 m,165 m and 175 m in the fluctuation zone.The investigation was carried out in July,2017,from the Kaizhou district to the Wanzhou district of Three Gorges Reservoir.The range of net photosynthetic rates among the 13 species was 2.36-11.11μmol/(m^2·s).The diurnal curves of net photosynthesis rate for Morus alba,Miscanthus sinensis and Polygonum hydropiper displayed one-peak,while the curves for Taxodium‘Zhongshanshan’,Salix sp.,Citrus reticulata,Vitex negundo var.cannabifolia,Urena lobata,Xanthium sibiricum,Phragmites australis,Bidens frondosa,Bidens pilosa and Aeschynomene indica displayed two-peaks.The range of leaf area indices was 0.43-6.58 and followed the order,trees>shrubs>herbs.The ranges of daily net assimilation rate,carbon fixation and oxygen release capabilities per unit leaf area were,respectively,90.28-410.20 mmol/(m^2·d),3.18-14.44 g/(m^2·d)and 2.31-10.50 g/(m^2·d).The daily carbon fixation and oxygen release capabilities per unit land area were 6.15-65.47 g/(m^2·d)and 4.48-47.62 g/(m^2·d).Cluster analysis shows that the three trees and three shrubs fell into two groups by CFOR capabilities per unit leaf area and the seven herbs fell into three groups.The trees,shrubs and herbs all divided into two levels according to their CFOR capabilities per unit land area.The species with the highest carbon fixation and oxygen release capabilities were Salix(tree),Vitexnegundo var.cannabifolia and Urenalobata(shrubs),and Phragmites australis,Polygonum hydropiper and Bidens pilosa(herbs).For ecological restoration projects along the shoreline of Three Gorges Reservoir,we suggest a complex arbor-shrub-herb pattern,based on CFOR abilities,which will enhance CFOR by the system and improve the eco-environmental services provided by the reservoir area.This study provides a reference for selecting plants and evaluating the benefits of ecological restoration projects in the water-level-fluctuation zone of Three Gorges Reservoir.
作者
冯晶红
刘德富
吴耕华
刘煜
秦东旭
王可健
刘瑛
FENG Jing-hong;LIU De-fu;WU Geng-hua;LIU Yu;QIN Dong-xu;WANG Ke-jian;LIU Ying(School of Civil Engineering,Architecture and Environment,Hubei University of Technology,Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation of Lakes&Rivers and Algal Utilization of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430068,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期1-8,共8页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502208)
广东省水利科技创新项目(2015-05)。
关键词
固碳释氧
消落带
适生植物
生态修复
三峡库区
carbon fixation and oxygen release(CFOR)
water-level-fluctuation zone
adaptable plants
ecological restoration
Three Gorges Reservoir
作者简介
冯晶红,1988年生,女,助教,主要从事景观生态修复与环境保护研究。E-mail:Feng_jinghong@yeah.net;通信作者:刘瑛。E-mail:lycg06@163.com
