摘要
2015年5月初,将6个室外面积740m2、深2m的池塘蓄满自来水,放养镜鲤Cyprinus carpio specularis、鲢Hypophthalmichthys molitrix和鳙Aristichthys nobilis,体质量分别为(200.00±6.18)g、(561.00±12.11)g和(619.00±21.96)g,密度分别为135g/m2,45g/m2和15g/m2,常规投喂。其中3个池塘根据生物絮团(Biofloc Technology,BFT)技术常规方法以葡萄糖和淀粉(1∶1,v/v)为有机C源,以芽孢杆菌属Bacillus为絮凝菌种培育生物絮团;其他3个池塘作为对照组,不添加有机C源和异养细菌。放养1周后,每2周定性定量测定浮游植物和水化学指标,比较研究利用BFT技术和常规养殖的水体浮游植物群落结构。结果表明:2组试验池中绿藻门Chlorophyta种类数最多,共鉴定5目13科40种属,其次是蓝藻门Cyanophyta 1纲3目8科16种属,和硅藻门Cryptophyta 5目5科9种属。BFT组试验池浮游植物生物量呈先上升、后下降的趋势,总平均生物量(57.70 mg/L)低于对照组(75.96 mg/L)。浮游植物与环境因子的Pearson相关分析和典范对应分析(Canonical correspondence analysis,CCA)表明,水温、总有机碳(TOC)、总磷(TP)、可溶性磷酸盐(SRP)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH4+-N)与浮游植物群落有显著相关性。蓝藻和绿藻与环境因子相关性总体上远高于其他藻类,生物絮团对蓝藻和绿藻均有抑制作用,对其他藻类不明显。
In early May of 2015,six outdoor ponds with an area of 740 m2 and a depth of 2 m were filled with tapwater,stocked Cyprinus carpio specularis with body weight of(200.00±6.18)g at density of 135 g/m2,Hypophthalmichys molitrix with body weight of(561.00±12.11)g at density of 45 g/m2 and Aristichthyys nobilis with body weight of(619.00±21.96)g at density of 15 g/m2.In three of the ponds,glucose and starch(1∶1,v/v)were added as organic C sources and Bacillus was used as a flocculant bacterial species according to the usual method of Biofloc Technology(BFT)to cultivate biological flocculants,and in the other three ponds,as control groups,no any organic C sources and heterotrophic bacteria were added.After 1 week,phytoplankton and hydrochemical indices were biweekly measured qualitatively and quantitatively and the community structure of phytoplankton in BFT water and conventional cultured water was studied in order to compare the feature of phytoplankton community in aquaculture water between BFT ponds and the control ponds.The results showed that in BFT and control ponds,the species of Chlorophyta had a large advantage,40 Chlorophyta species were recorded(belonging to 13 Families and 5 Orders).Followed by Cyanophyta and Cryptophyta,a total of 16 Cyanophyta species were recorded(belonging to 8 Families and 3 Orders),and a total of 9 Cryptophyta species were recorded(belonging to 5 Families and 5 Orders).The biomass of phytoplankton in BFT ponds was shown to be increased first and then decreased,with lower total average biomass(57.70 mg/L)than that in the control ponds(75.96 mg/L).Pearson correlation analysis and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)of the phytoplankton and environmental factors revealed that water temperature,total organic carbon(TOC),total phosphorus(TP),soluble phosphate(SRP),permanganate index(CODMn),total nitrogen(TN),and ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N)had great influence on the community structure and distribution of the phytoplankton.The biomass of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta were more correlated with environmental factors than other phytoplankton phyla,and the bioflocs had inhibitory effects on Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta instead of other phytoplankton phyla.
作者
王慧博
宋聃
黄晓丽
霍堂斌
王秋实
都雪
WANG Huibo;SONG Dan;HUANG Xiaoli;HUO Tangbin;WANG Qiushi;DU Xue(Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第6期29-35,共7页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY201506).
关键词
生物絮团技术
浮游植物
群落结构
CCA分析
biofloc technology
phytoplankton
community structure
canonical correspondence analysis
作者简介
王慧博(1991-),女,硕士,从事渔业生态与环境研究,E-mail:wanghuibo0068@163,com;通信作者:都雪(1985-),女,博士,助理研究员,从事水生生物研究,E-mail:beautyduxue@sina,com
