摘要
非对称头型能够帮助空投入水的航行器快速达到水平航行状态,在实际中有着较好的应用场景。该文采用了高速摄影的方法,通过开展不同构型头型的实验模型入水冲击试验,揭示非对称头型在5-12 m/s的不同冲击速度和60°、70°、80°和90°的不同冲击角度下入水空泡生成演变机理与入水弹道变化特性。通过数字图像识别技术提取模型的入水弹道轨迹和姿态角的变化从而研究其入水弹道的演变规律。研究结果表明:切角头型使得模型头部受到流体的横向偏转力矩作用,从而使得模型弹道发生偏转;随着入水速度的增加,带有非对称头型模型的弹道偏转幅度随之增加;平头和大切角头型在倾斜入水时由于左右两侧空泡压力差的作用,会使得模型产生俯冲弹道;在不同实验工况下,模型姿态角随时间的变化遵循抛物线变化规律;带有小切角的非对称头型的模型在入水时会形成更大开口直径的空泡,同时产生不对称的入水空泡。
The asymmetric head type can help the air-injected aircraft to quickly reach the horizontal navigation state, and has a good application scenario in practice. In this paper, the high-speed photography method is adopted to reveal that under the different impact speeds of the asymmetric head type at 5-12 m/s and the different impact angles at 60°, 70°, 80° and 90° by carrying out the water impact test of the aircraft with different configurations, the evolution mechanism of the water-entry cavity and the variation characteristics of the water-entry trajectory. Through the digital image recognition technology, the variation of the in-water trajectory and the attitude angle of the model is extracted to study the evolution law of the water-entry trajectory. The results show that the chamfered head shape causes the model head to be subjected to the lateral deflection force of the fluid, which causes the model trajectory to deflect. As the water-entry velocity increases, the trajectory deflection amplitude with the asymmetric head model increases too. Under different experimental conditions, the attitude angle of the aircraft follows the parabola variation law with time;the aircraft with asymmetric head shape will form a larger bubble opening when entering the water, and produce asymmetric water-entry cavity. The various asymmetry of the chamfered head is different in the stability of the water-entry cavity. The smaller the angle of cut, the worse the stability of the water-entry cavity, and the bubble is more likely to collapse.
作者
华扬
施瑶
潘光
黄桥高
HUAYang;SHIYao;PAN Guang;HUANG Qiao-gao(School of Marine Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;Key Laboratory of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle,Northwestern Polytechnic University,Xi'an 710072,China)
出处
《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期61-67,共7页
Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51709229)
中央高校基础业务费(3102019HHZY03009).
关键词
非对称头型
入水
空泡
弹道
实验研究
Asymmetric head
water entry
cavitation
trajectory
experimental study
作者简介
华扬(1997-),男,江西临川人,硕士;通信作者:施瑶,E-mail:shiyao@nwpu.edu.cn
