摘要
近年来新的磺胺药不断出现,其中许多品种具有高效、长效而副作用较少等优点。自从甲氧苄胺嘧啶(TMP)发现后,使磺胺药的抗菌作用显著增强,临床疗效大为提高。因此,进一步开展对磺胺药的药理特性的研究,以促进其合理使用,使之发挥更大的治疗作用,具有重要意义。
This paper reports the results of antibacterial,pharmacological and clinical studies on the snlfonamides,trimethoprim(TMP)and sulfonamide-TMP combinations manufaoured in this country.Bacterial sensitivity tests of these drugs’were carried out on 3,549 strains of pathogens,belonging to 18 bacterial species,isolated clinically.When combined with TMP,the antibacterial activities of sulfonamides were greatly enhanced,particularly on Staph.aureus,E coli,Enterobaoter aerogenes and Proteus Spp,which were approximately similar to those of kanamyoin and gentamioin.Under the same conditions we determined the blood and urine conoertrations of 7 kinds of sulfonamides and TMP administered orally,intramuscularly and intravenously in one group of healthy volunteers.These data indicate indicated that sulfadiazine(SD)is a medium-acting sulfonamide,which for a long time had been considered as a short-acting drug and its dosage was greater than actually needed.In our study,SD was used in reduced dosage in the treatment of various infections,favorable clinical results were obtained with very few side effects.Sulfonamides alone and their oonbination with TMP were used in 2,486 patients with typhoid fever,pneumonia,bacillary dysentery,acute and chronic urinary infections etc.,and the effective rates varied from 83.3%to 92.6%.It is better to use sulfonamides in patients suffering from various infections with the exception of meningococcal meningitis.In more severe cases it is advisable to take the drug by parenteral routes at the start,in order to obtain effective serum levels as early as possible.Preliminary data suggested that SD compound used instead of SMZ compound in various clinical situations is just effective,if not more effective.For the time being these two compounds are commonly used in our daily Clinic.
出处
《上海医科大学学报》
1980年第4期247-255,322,共10页
Journal of Fudan University(Medical Science)
