摘要
本文应用组织化学技术和电镜方法对家兔、豚鼠和大鼠血管周的肾上腺素能神经密度与管壁组成成分的关系进行了观察。实验结果证明,血管周神经分布于外膜层,中膜内未见有神经分布,肌性动脉(以肠系膜动脉为代表)较弹性动脉(以颈总动脉为代表)的血管周神经密度和含膨体数都较高。神经肌肉间隔近(0.05—3微米),最近者神经与肌肉间除基板外无其它组织成分。弹性动脉神经肌肉间隔较远(1—12微米),神经肌肉间隔以外弹力膜、成纤维细胞和板层状的结缔组织。股动脉和肾动脉周的神经分布特点介于上二者之间。静脉较相应动脉神经分布稀疏。但也存在部位的特殊性和种属差异性。如脐动脉虽属肌性动脉,但动脉周并无神经分布,豚鼠肾动脉周的神经密度远较兔及大鼠稀疏。作者认为血管周的神经密度与血管壁中平滑肌的含量有关。本文并对肌性动脉周神经分布致密的原因,不同类型动脉的神经分布特点与生理功能的关系进行了讨论。
By using the histochemical and electron microscopical method,the density of the perivascular adrenergic nerve fibres and their relationship to the components of the vessel wall were investigated.The results revealed that the perivascular nerves were distributed in the adventitia.No nerve fibres were found in the tunica media.The nerve density and the number of varicosities in the muscular artery(mesentery artery is a representative)were higher than those in the elastic artery in which the carotid artery is the representative.In the muscular artery,the nerve and muscle fibres were close to each other and in the nearest cases no other component situated between them except the basal lamina.In the elastic artery,the nerve muscle separation was further separated by the external elastic membrane,the fibroblast and the connective tissue which formed into plate or lamella.The characteristics of the femoral and renal artery situated between the above two.The perivascular nerves were sparser in veins than in arteries.However,variations between species and specialized regions were present,e.g.umbilical artery was a type of muscular artery with no nerve fibres in the perivascular region and the perivascular nerve density of the renal artery in the guinea-pig was sparser than that of the same artery in the rabbit and rat.In conclusion,the authors believe that the nerve density of the perivascular nerve plexus is in close correlation with the proportion of the muscle contained in the vessel wall.The reason of the dense innervation of the muscular artery and the relationship between the characteristics of the innervation of various types of blood vessel and their physiological functions were discussed.
作者
蔡文琴
李巍
孙榆
周德山
Cai Wenqin;Li Wei;Sun Yu;Zhou Deshan(Department of Histology and Embryology,The Ⅲ Military Medical College,)
出处
《神经解剖学杂志》
CAS
1985年第1期9-13,82,共6页
Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy
关键词
肾上腺素能神经
神经密度膨体
神经肌肉间隔
Adrenergic nerve fibre
Nerve density
Varicosity
Nerve muscle separation.
