摘要
喻象是圣经及圣经研究的重要概念。奥尔巴赫批判地发展了古代教父们的喻象解释,不仅主张喻象本身的历史真实性,而且主张其所预示或证实的其他事件的历史真实性。这一喻象观意味着奥尔巴赫以犹太文化的现世倾向统摄了《旧约》和《新约》,既赋予了彼世肉身一物质性,又将现世与彼世联为一体。奥尔巴赫继而将这一喻象观作为理解、诠释自圣经以来西方文学发展史的一条通径,且将是否兼具历史具体性/个人主体性和历史必然性/客观真理性作为文学摹仿现实成功与否的基本标准。这一标准看似存在着矛盾,但是奥尔巴赫将黑格尔历史哲学与存在主义熔于一炉,指出个体存在处于历史精神的客观必然之下依然可以保有自由,人在日常生活中的领悟、抉择不仅完成了个性与个人意义,也更加丰富地展现了历史精神。
Figura is a key concept in the Bible and biblical study.Auerbach critically developed the figurative interpretation of the ancient fathers,asserting the historical authenticity not only of the figura itself,but also of the other events it predicts or confirms.This figural reality implies that Auerbach unified the Old Testament and the New Testament with Jewish cultural emphasis on the present world,endowing the other world with corporeal-materiality and integrating the present world with the other world.Auerbach then took this figural realism as a way to understand and interpret the history of Western literature after the Bible,and claimed that the basic criterion of literary mimesis is whether it engages both historical concreteness and individual subjectivity,historical inevitability and objective truth.This criterion appears to present a contradiction between individual existence and historical necessity,but Auerbach merged Hegefs historical philosophy and existentialism,and suggested that individual existence can still be preserved under the objective necessity of historical spirit,and that people's perception and choices in daily life not only fulfill individuality and personal meaning,but also more fruitfully reveal the spirit of history.
作者
史笑添
SHI Xiaotian(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,East China Normal University)
出处
《圣经文学研究》
2022年第2期250-277,共28页
Journal for the Study of Biblical Literature
关键词
奥尔巴赫
喻象
圣经诠释
历史现实
Auerbach
Figura
Bible interpretation
historical realism
作者简介
史笑添,Email:2943450998@qq.com
