摘要
本文运用文献资料法、比较分析法、数理统计法,对广州市中学生游泳锦标赛现状分析。结果表明:1)广州市2017年开始中考体育考试必考项目增加100米游泳项目,考生可在100米游泳和长跑两个项目中二选一。改革后广州市游泳锦标赛参与的单位逐年递增。2)分析广州市中学生游泳锦标赛,发现游泳发展好的学校都是集中在广州市中心的中学,首先原因在于本校有游泳池等硬件设施和专业的游泳教练,为培养出更多的优秀人才提供了条件。据广州市招考办公布的数据显示,2017年选择100米游泳的考生为1201人,而2018年中考广州市选择100米游泳考试的仅有692名考生选择,考生主要集中在老三区和天河区。3)广州市中学游泳锦标赛中自由泳和蛙泳的人数近两届游泳比赛中参赛人数较多,而蝶泳、仰泳和混合泳相对参赛人数较少,主要原因是赛制的制定规定自由泳只有高中组有400米,而初中组不设有自由泳400米和其他三个泳姿的最长只有100米,因此数据上看自由泳和蛙泳的人数比仰泳和蝶泳多出将近40%,这样的赛制阻碍广州市中学生游泳全面发展。4)综合得出广州市中学生游泳锦标赛项目参赛人数出现不均衡现象,比赛的赛制严重限制的学生的游泳技能展示,最终限制广州市青少年游泳人才的发展。
To analyze the swimming level of Guangzhou Middle School Swimming Team in Guangzhou Middle School Swimming Championship,this paper uses the methods of documentation,comparative analysis and mathematical statistics to analyze the current situation of Guangzhou Middle School Swimming Championship.The results show that:1)Only from 2017,the number of swimming events in the compulsory entrance examination of physical education in Guangzhou has increased by 100 meters.After the reform,the number of units participating in the swimming championship in Guangzhou has increased year by year.2)From the swimming championship of middle school students in Guangzhou,it is found that the schools with good swimming development are all concentrated in middle schools in the center of Guangzhou.The first reason is that the school has the hardware facilities of swimming pool and professional swimming coach’s leadership to cultivate more outstanding talents.According to the data of Guangzhou Entrance Examination Office,only 1201 candidates chose 100 m swimming in2017,while only 692 candidates chose 100 m swimming in 2018.The candidates mainly concentrated in Laosan District and Tianhe District.3)The number of freestyle and breaststroke swimmers in Guangzhou Middle School Swimming Championships is relatively large in the last two swimming competitions,while butterfly,backstroke and medley swimming are relatively small.The main reason is that only the senior high school group has 400 meters freestyle,while the junior middle school group does not have 400 meters freestyle and the other three swimming strokes have only 100 meters,so the data look at freestyle and breaststroke.The number of swimmers is nearly 40%more than backstroke and butterfly.This competition system hinders the all-round development of swimming among middle school students in Guangzhou.4)By synthesizing the above icons and data,it is concluded that the number of participants in the swimming championship of middle school students in Guangzhou is unbalanced,the competition system severely restricts the display of swimming skills of students,which eventually leads to the loss of youth swimming talents in Guangzhou.
作者
黎东宇
张德山
卓健
Li Dongyu;Zhang Deshan;Zhuo Jian(Guangzhou Sport University,Guangzhou 510500,Guangdong,China)
出处
《体育科技文献通报》
2020年第3期147-150,共4页
Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology
关键词
广州市
中学生
游泳锦标赛
现状
Guangzhou
middle school students
swimming championships
current situation
作者简介
第一作者:黎东宇(1993-),男,广东广州人,在读研究生,研究方向:(全日制)游泳教学、训练理论与方法;第二作者:张德山(1995-),男,山东莱芜人,在读研究生,研究方向:乒乓球;第三作者:卓健(1983-),男,广东茂名人,教师,研究方向:体育教育研究。
