摘要
目的了解居民对健康驿站公共卫生服务认知、信念、行为(KAP)的现状及其影响因素,分析健康驿站运行中存在的问题并提出相应的建议。方法基于上海市闵行区梅陇镇健康驿站,依据KAP理论结合文献及咨询专家完成问卷设计。2021-09-01-2021-12-30选取辖区内符合纳入标准的居民进行面对面调查。采用多元线性逐步回归分析居民知信行的相关影响因素。结果共回收问卷617份,其中去过健康驿站并接受服务的居民共70名,参与率11.35%。居民对健康驿站服务KAP总分为(121.03±35.60)分,得分率为75.64%,处于中等水平。其中,知识得分为(49.64±22.17)分,得分率为76.37%,处于中等水平;信念得分为(33.24±7.37)分,得分率为83.10%,处于中等水平;行为得分为(38.14±13.60)分,得分率为63.57%,水平为差。多元线性回归分析发现,获得本街镇健康驿站宣传信息的渠道(主要指宣传栏/板报/海报)是影响居民知识得分的主要因素,P=0.005;居民婚姻状况也是影响因素之一,P=0.017;信念与行为互为影响因素,信念得分越高,行为越有效,P=0.003;行为得分越高,信念越积极,P=0.002。结论在健康驿站公共卫生服务的促进中,不但要加强居民的相关知识,同时也要树立积极信念,鼓励居民积极参与,最终帮助居民建立并形成健康的行为,提高健康水平。
Objective To investigate the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)status of the community residents to health service stations,explore the influencing factors,analyze the problems existing in the operation of health service stations and put forward corresponding suggestions.Methods A self-designed health service station KAP questionnaire was used to investigate community residents in Meilong Community of Minhang District from September 1 to December 30,2021.The multiple stepwise regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of health service station knowledge-attitude-parctice of the community residents.Results A total of 617 questionnaires were collected.Among them,70 residents have been to the health service stations and received services,with a participation rate of 11.35%.The total score of residents’KAP for health service station was(121.03±35.60),with a score rate of 75.64%,which was at a medium level.The score of knowledge to health service station was(49.64±22.17),and the scoring rate was 76.37%,which was in the middle level;The score of attitude was(33.24±7.37),and the scoring rate was 83.10%,which was in the middle level;The practice score was(38.14±13.60),the scoring rate was 63.57%,and the level was poor.Multiple linear analysis showed that billboard(P=0.005)and marital status(P=0.017)were the influencing factors affecting residents’knowledge scores.Attitude and practice were mutually influencing factors.The higher the attitude score,the more effective the practice was,P=0.003;The higher the practice score,the more positive the attitude,P=0.002.Conclusion The knowledge of community residents on health service station needs to be further improved,but the attitudes and practice of community residents on health service station in life are more positive.Finally,residents should establish and form healthy behavior and improve their health level.
作者
王丽娟
高俊岭
李蕙
张雅萍
WANG Li-juan;GAO Jun-ling;LI Hui;ZHANG Ya-ping(Public Health Center,Meilong Community Health Service Center of Minhang District,Shanghai 201104,China;School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2022年第24期1403-1408,共6页
Journal Of Community Medicine
基金
上海市闵行区自然科学研究课题(2021MHZ004)
关键词
健康驿站
知信行
社区居民
影响因素
自我管理
上海市
health service station
knowledge-attitude-practice
community residents
influence factor
self-management
Shanghai City
作者简介
第一作者:王丽娟,女,回族,宁夏吴忠人,硕士,主管医师,主要从事社区公共卫生相关的研究工作。E-mail:wanglijuanky@sina.com;通信作者:张雅萍,女,上海人,副主任医师,主要从事社区公共卫生相关的研究工作。E-mail:zhangyp916@126.com
