摘要
为探究辽河、长江水系及其杂交种中华绒螯蟹在成蟹阶段的生长性能和养殖效果差异,在相似的池塘条件下将辽河、长江水系及其杂交种扣蟹养殖至成蟹。系统地比较在养殖过程中的生长、生殖蜕壳率和性腺发育情况,进一步评价了成活率、产量、饲料系数和最终体质量分布等差异。结果表明:在生长阶段,4组中华绒螯蟹平均体质量、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。雌体生殖蜕壳高峰出现在7月25日到8月25日,雄体生殖蜕壳高峰则出现在8月25日到9月25日。人工养殖辽河水系成蟹生殖蜕壳时间与长江水系成蟹基本一致,无二龄早熟性状。9—11月,雌雄个体的肝胰腺指数(HSI)逐渐下降,性腺指数(GSI)显著上升。4组中华绒螯蟹在成活率、产量和饲料系数等方面存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。最终养成成蟹雌体体质量集中于100.00~175.00 g,雄体体质量集中于175.00~225.00 g。综上,辽河与长江水系杂交组生长性能与自交组并无显著性差异(P>0.05),辽河水系中华绒螯蟹在长江流域经适应性养殖后,生长性能得以提高,二龄早熟性状消失,而以长江水系中华绒螯蟹作为母本的杂交种成活率高,产量优势明显。
In order to explore the difference in growth performance and culture effect of Chinese mitten crab inbred families and hybrid families derived from Liaohe River and Yangtze River during adult Eriocheir sinensis culture stage,the juveniles were reared to adult crabs under similar pond conditions.The growth,puberty molting rate and gonadal development were comprehensively compared,and the differences in survival rate,yield,feed coefficient ratio and final body mass distribution were further evaluated.The results illustrated that there was no significant difference in the mean body mass,weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of Eriocheir sinensis during the growth stage(P>0.05).The peak of female puberty molting appeared from July 25 to August 25,and the peak of male puberty molting did from August 25 to September 25.Compared with Eriocheir sinensis from Yangtze River basin,no significant earlier puberty molting was observed from Liaohe River.From September to November,the hepatosomatic index(HSI)of Eriocheir sinensis individuals gradually decreased,and the gonadosomatic index(GSI)showed a significant upward trend.Significant differences were observed in survival rate,yield,feed coefficient ratio among these four inbred and hybrid families(P<0.05).The final body masses of the adult females were concentrated from 100.00 g to 175.00 g,and the males were concentrated from 175.00 g to 225.00 g.In summary,there was no significant difference in growth performance between inbred families and hybrid families derived from Liaohe and Yangtze River basins(P>0.05).After adaptive culture of Eriocheir sinensis from Liaohe River basin,the growth performance was improved,and the two-year early-maturing trait disappeared.The hybrid families with Yangtze River basin of Eriocheir sinensis as the female parent had higher survival rate and yield.
作者
周永昌
王世会
成永旭
吴旭干
ZHOU Yongchang;WANG Shihui;CHENG Yongxu;WU Xugan(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,Heilongjiang,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第6期820-828,共9页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
科技部蓝色粮仓项目(2018YFD0900103)
农业农村部现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-48)
深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司横向课题(D-8006-16-0088)
关键词
中华绒螯蟹
长江水系
辽河水系
杂交种
养殖性能
Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)
Yangtze River basin
Liaohe River basin
crossbred
culture performance
作者简介
周永昌(1988-),男,工程师,研究方向为水产动物营养和生理。E-mail:2359685523@qq.com;通信作者:吴旭干,E-mail:xgwu@shou.edu.cn
