摘要
《金史·太祖纪》载阿骨打于1115年建元“收国”,国号“大金”,1117年改元“天辅”。有学者提出质疑:该《太祖纪》底本《太祖实录》篡改开国史,隐讳阿骨打创业之初曾在杨朴建议下请求契丹册封的经历;金代实起元“天辅”,“收国”疑为杜撰。重检此说,首先以《金史·耨盌温敦思忠传》中的杨朴为线索,考证出此人事迹及所在列传全部改编自“金实录”;然后钩沉《太祖实录》阿骨打创业史之原貌和真实立场,发现金初纂修国史时不仅没有隐讳杨朴其人其事,而且直书契丹册立阿骨打之史事。最初源自《亡辽录》的天辅起元说,代表着南宋知识界对于金代开国史的了解程度。入元以后,“金史”形成多条传播链,人们的知识体系逐渐发生变化,开始接受收国建元和金代权威的纪年谱系。
The Basic Annals of Taizu(Taizu Ji,《太祖纪》)in The History of Jin states that Aguda established the dynasty in 1115under the name of“Da Jin”and changed it to Tianfu in 1117.Some scholars question this record and suggest that The Veritable Records of Taizu(Taizu Shilu,《太祖实录》),which was the basis of The Basic Annals of Taizu,falsified the founding history of the dynasty by covering up Aguda’s experience of requesting the Khitan for a title in the beginning of his career at the suggestion of Yang Pu.In their view,the Jin dynasty began with the state title of Tianfu in 1117or 1118,and another title,Shouguo,is suspected to be a fabrication.Actually,the record of Yang Pu in The Biography of Nouwanwendun Sizhong(Nouwanwendun Sizhong Zhuan,《耨盌温敦思忠传》)in The History of Jinis a clue to confirm that the biography of this figure is completely based on The Veritable Records of Taizu.And by exploring the original story of Aguda’s rise to power through The Basic Annals of Tianzuo Emperor(Tianzuo Huangdi Ji,《天祚皇帝纪》)in The History of Liao(Liao Shi,《辽史》),we can find that in the compilation of the national history of the early Jin dynasty Yang Pu’s deed was not covered up and it made a direct reference to the historical event of Aguda being crowned by the Khitan.Originated fromThe Record of the Fallen Liao(Wangliaolu,《亡辽录》),the view that the state title began with Tianfu represents the knowledge level of the Southern Song intellectuals about the founding history of the Jin dynasty.After the establishment of the Yuan dynasty,several tracks were formed for the dissemination of the history of Jin,which led to the gradual change of people’s knowledge system and the acceptance of Jin starting from Shouguo as well as the authoritative chronology of the Jin dynasty.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第10期91-104,共14页
Journal of Historical Science
基金
2022—2023年度复旦大学人文社科青年融合创新团队项目“多语言史料背景下的中国西北边疆与民族研究”
2021年度国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目“古代蒙古法律文献及法制史研究”(21VJXT016)
关键词
金朝国史
收国
天辅
杨朴
阿骨打
National History of the Jin Dynasty
Shouguo
Tianfu
Yang Pu
Aguda
作者简介
陈晓伟,历史学博士,复旦大学历史系教授。上海,200433。
