摘要
海洋不仅是地球上最大的碳库,还蕴藏着丰富的尚未被开发利用的可再生能源——海洋能。《巴黎协定》框架下碳中和愿景的提出,加速了人类对海洋能重要价值的认知和开发利用步伐。开发利用海洋能不仅能够实现脱碳发电,增加零碳能源供给并助力碳减排,还能为海洋经济的绿色发展增添新引擎,帮助实现联合国关于人类可持续发展的目标。本文从配套政策法规缺失、开发技术成熟度不高、工程示范规模不大、激励措施效果有限、环境影响评价能力不足等方面厘清我国海洋能开发利用的现况与问题;认为亟待通过健全配套法规、加强政策引导、强化技术攻关、鼓励多元主体参与、规范环评制度等方式全面推进海洋能向规模化、产业化发展。
Ocean is not only the largest carbon pool on earth,but also contains a large amount of untapped renewable energy—marine energy.The carbon neutrality vision proposed within the framework of the Paris Agreement has improved human's awareness of the importance of marine energy and accelerated the pace of its development and utilization.The development and utilization of marine energy can not only achieve decarbonization of electricity generation,increase the supply of zero-carbon energy and contribute to carbon emission reduction,but also boost the green development of marine economy and help to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.This paper clarifies the current situation and problems of marine energy development and utilization in China from aspects of lacking relevant policies and regulations,lower technology readiness level,small scale of project demonstration,limited effect of incentive measures,and insufficient environmental impact assessment capabilities.It is urgent to comprehensively promote the large-scale and industrialized development of marine energy by improving relevant laws and regulations,strengthening policy guidance,enhancing technological research,encouraging the participation of multiple subjects,and standardizing the environmental impact assessment system.
作者
郑洁
杨淑涵
柳存根
张海霞
ZHENG Jie;YANG Shuhan;LIU Cungen;ZHANG Haixia(School of Naval Architecture,Ocean&Civil Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;China Strategy Institute of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第5期550-558,共9页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
中国工程院战略咨询项目(2022-HY-21)
中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会国际海域资源调查与开发“十三五”课题(BV0100079)
上海交通大学青年教师启动计划课题(AF0100100)
关键词
碳中和
可再生能源
海洋能
装备技术
环境影响评价
carbon neutral
renewable energy
ocean energy
equipment technology
environmental impact assessment
作者简介
第一作者:郑洁(1986-),女,上海交通大学、中国海洋装备工程科技发展战略研究院助理研究员,博士,从事海洋法律与政策研究。
