摘要
近二三十年以来,儿童史研究日益受到重视,学界对童蒙教育、儿童疾病与医疗、儿童游戏等问题进行了比较充分的研究[1]。但对古代社会如何认识儿童,即儿童观的讨论还显不足[2]。笔者认为,儿童观的研究有助于我们了解历史上儿童的生存与生活状况,评估历史上儿童的社会地位,具有重要的学术意义。“医经”“经方”之属是古代知识系统的重要分支,能够集中反映当时社会的学术文化与思想观念。隋唐时期“小儿”医学开始独立成科,相关理论与治疗方药亦逐渐成熟。本文意在以隋唐医籍为起点,结合中古道经、史籍等类型文献,探索其背后儿童观念的生成与演变。
In the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the understanding of the children reflected on the pediatric medicine can reflect the views on children.Firstly,it was a birth theory that couldn't determine gender,which was the reflection of the social will to give birth to a boy.Secondly,it was the weak spirit that connected the high death rate of children with supernatural ghosts and gods.At the same time,children also played an important role in medical diagnosis and treatment.The deification of the effectiveness of children's urine was actually the analogy and deduction of Taoist formula.The production of medicines couldn't be seen by children,and virgin’s participation in the pharmaceutical industry reflected the coexisting views of the magic and filth.In the Middle Ages,under the background of witchcraft,ghost and fairy legends,children and children's viscera were not only the sacrifice of ghosts gods,but also the medicine for making golden elixirs in the political rumors of the Tang Dynasty.Generally speaking,children,especially the young children,had a more prominent imperfect nature of their bodies.Children were not yet the complete human beings.
出处
《唐史论丛》
2023年第1期350-368,共19页
