摘要
一、“牙兵”与“亲军”概念的学术史一般认为,藩镇军队包括牙兵、亲军、外镇屯军和州兵几个部分,这些军队的特质、来源、相互关系等构成了藩镇军队内部结构研究的主要内容。日本学者日野开三郎的《唐代藩镇的支配体制》将藩镇军队划分为牙军、外镇军和巡属州军三部分,并绘图示意(图1)^([1]);其《唐末混乱史》则主要涉及唐末藩镇的动乱及军队结构崩溃、重组^([2])。堀敏一的《藩镇亲卫军的权力结构》对藩镇的牙兵、亲军及外镇兵等各种军事力量构成及其相互关系、历史作用等进行考证,是研究藩镇军队结构的经典之作^([3])。渡边孝在对河朔三镇进行了细致考证后,注意到不同藩镇的独特军队权力结构^([4])。
In the traditional view,the regional army and the bodyguard army are two opposing forces with different images,but this is largely due to the prejudice caused by the different sections of historical records.Both of them were originally the military commissioner s closest guards.The difference between their closeness to the military commissioner and their alienation from the military commissioner made the two armies behave differently in history.Represented by the military consolidation activities in Henan and Hedong towns at the end of the Tang Dynasty,the two armies showed complete convergence in nature and function.Through the discussion of the relationship between the regional army and bodyguard army,we can find that the core idea of governing the army of the military governor lies in personal trust.Due to the instability of personal trust,the military governor have long been experiencing internal strife.The regime of the Five Dynasties continued the concept of governing the army formed in the military governor’s period and also suffered the negative impact of this concept of governing the army in personal trust.
基金
陕西省社科基金项目“唐后期长安军事防御体系研究”
陕西师范大学国际长安学研究专项“唐后期长安防御体系研究”阶段性成果
