摘要
俄罗斯是世界上森林资源第一大国,但其森林分布并不均衡,80%分布在亚洲部分,20%分布在欧洲部分。在俄罗斯木材蓄积总量中,针叶林蓄积量最大,达74.4%,主要分布在远东联邦区、西伯利亚联邦区、乌拉尔联邦区和西北联邦区。俄罗斯长期坚持森林分类经营的方针,切实保护国民的生存环境。俄罗斯将森林资源分为三大类,实行分类经营和管理。俄罗斯的森林经营方式主要包括森林经理、森林更新与植树造林、林地使用、森林采伐、森林防护等。俄政府十分重视本国森林资源的有效管理,不断加大资金投入,并对森林经营部门进行现代化改造。俄罗斯森林经营的实施较大程度地避免了城市建设、人类开发对森林的破坏。
Russia is the world’s largest country with forest resources,but its national forest distribution is uneven.80%of its forest area is distributed in Asia and 20%in Europe.Among Russia’s total timber accumulation,coniferous forests have the largest volume,reaching 74.4%,which mainly are distributed in the Far Eastern Federal District,the Siberian Federal District,the Ural Federal District,and the Northwest Federal District.Russia has long adhered to the policy of forest classification management to effectively protect the living environment of its citizens.Russia divides forest resources into three categories and implements classified management and supervision.Russia’s forest management methods mainly include forest management,forest regeneration and afforestation,forest land use,forest logging,forest protection,etc.The Russian government attaches great importance to the effective supervision of the country’s forest resources,continuously increases capital investment,and modernizes the forest management sector.In short,the implementation of forest management in Russia has avoided the large-scale destruction of forests caused by urban construction and human development.
作者
曲万涛
李淑华
QU Wantao;LI Shuhua
出处
《西伯利亚研究》
2021年第2期23-39,119,共18页
Siberian Studies
关键词
俄罗斯
森林资源
森林经营
森林防护
Russia
resources status
forest management
forest protection
作者简介
曲万涛,黑龙江省社会科学信息中心副研究员;李淑华,黑龙江大学俄罗斯语言文学与文化研究中心、中俄全面战略省部共建协同创新中心副研究员
