摘要
目的调查日照市东港区集中配送小学生午餐食物营养素摄入状况,为改善集中配送的学生午餐膳食结构,以及在日照市内全面开展集中配送学生营养午餐,保障学生营养提供依据。方法随机抽取已开展集中配送午餐的659名小学四至五年级学生进行连续5 d的午餐食物摄入问卷调查,综合分析小学生摄入午餐的膳食结构、能量与营养素、三大营养素供能构成。结果受调查的男、女小学生每日午餐摄入的谷薯类分别为(180.2±86.7)g、(153.5±47.8)g,畜禽肉类为(41.7±20.3)g、(32.6±10.9)g,蛋类为(31.5±10.5)g、(28.3±19.8)g,均超过推荐量,男、女小学生每日午餐摄入的水果类为(17.6±7.9)g、(18.2±6.7)g、鱼虾类为(2.9±1.6)g、(3.2±1.9)g、大豆类及其制品和坚果为(16.3±5.3)g、(15.2±2.9)g均低于推荐量,摄入的蔬菜类为(151.8±54.8)g、(147.2±37.9)g、奶及奶制品为(79.5±30.5)g、(78.3±20.9)g,这些食物量适中,能量、蛋白质摄入量充足,碳水化合物、蛋白质供能比适宜,脂肪供能比接近推荐标准上限;男、女小学生午餐中钙、锌、维生素A、维生素B1和膳食纤维平均摄入量均低于推荐量;而铁、维生素B2、维生素C摄入量均达到或超过推荐量。男、女小学生平均每日午餐锌、维生素B1摄入量差异均有统计学意义(t=7.42、5.90,P均<0.05)。结论日照市东港区部分小学生集中配送午餐摄入食物结构不够合理,存在部分维生素和微量元素摄入不足情况,提示供餐公司集中配送的小学生午餐仍需改善。
Objective To investigate the nutrient intake status of lunch food for primary school students in the centralized distribution in Donggang District of Rizhao City,so as to provide evidence for improving the lunch meal structure of students in the centralized distribution,as well as carrying out the centralized distribution of nutritious lunch for students in Rizhao City,and ensuring the nutrition of students.Methods A total of 659 students from grade 4 to grade 5 of primary school who had carried out centralized lunch delivery were randomly selected.The lunch food intake questionnaire survey was conducted for 5 consecutive days,and the dietary structure,energy and nutrients,and energy supply composition of the three nutrients were comprehensively analyzed.Results The investigated male and female primary school students’daily lunch intakes of cereal and potato were(180.2±86.7)g and(153.5±47.8)g,intakes of livestock and poultry meat were(41.7±20.3)g and(32.6±10.9)g,eggs were(31.5±10.5)g and(28.3±19.8)g respectively,exceeded the recommended amount.The intakes of fruits were(17.6±7.9)g and(18.2±6.7)g,fish and shrimp were(2.9±1.6)g,(3.2±1.9)g,the intakes of soybeans and their products,and nuts were(16.3±5.3)g,(15.2±2.9)g respectively,lower than the recommended amounts.The intakes of vegetables were(151.8±54.8)g and(147.2±37.9)g,and the milk and dairy products were(79.5±30.5)g and(78.3±20.9)g,moderated.The intakes of energy and protein were sufficient,and the energy supply ratio of carbohydrates and protein was appropriate,and the energy supply ratio of fat was close to the upper limit of the recommended standard.The average intakes of calcium,zinc,vitamin A,vitamin B1,and dietary fiber in lunch for male and female pupils were all below the recommended,but the intakes of iron,vitamin B2,and vitamin C were equal to or above the recommended.There were significant differences between the male and female pupils in the average daily intake of zinc and vitamin B1(t=7.42,5.90,P>0.05).Conclusion The food structure of the centralized delivery of lunch intake by some primary school students in Donggang District,Rizhao City,is not reasonable,and there is insufficient intake of some vitamins and trace elements,suggesting that the lunch of primary school students distributed centrally by the catering company still needs to be improved.
作者
牟善强
王改利
刘超
MOU Shanqiang;WANG Gaili;LIU Chao(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Donggang District,Rizhao 276800,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《中国校医》
2023年第2期115-117,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Doctor
关键词
午餐
膳食结构
营养素
小学
学生
Lunch
Dietary structure
Nutriment
Primary school
Student
作者简介
牟善强(1966—),男,山东日照人,副主任技师,本科学历,研究方向为营养与地方病、慢病。
