摘要
目的 分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院整形科急诊面部外伤患者的流行病学特征。方法 分析新疆医科大学第一附属医院整形科我组2019年9月1日-2020年12月31日急诊治疗的345例面部外伤患者的资料。统计性别、年龄、受伤时间、受伤后就诊时长、致伤原因、伤口部位、术后愈合程度、术后抗瘢痕措施、术后瘢痕评估等情况,并对数据进行分析。结果 本组345例患者中,男196例,女149例,男女比例约1.32∶1;最小为出生后0.7岁,最大者为50岁。从整周来看,周一至周五受伤时间主要集中在19:00-00:00时间段内,周六周日受伤时段在10:00-19:00,19:00-00:00两个时间段内。患儿大多于伤后5 h内就诊,主要致伤原因为摔倒,主要受伤类型为挫裂伤,受伤部位前两位的是下颌部及面颊部,术后随访345例,所有随访患儿应用整形美容技术治疗,术后遵医嘱采用抗瘢痕措施治疗220例,未遵医嘱采用抗瘢痕治疗措施治疗125例。随访期间,术后感染3例,主要是发生在咬伤、术后未遵医嘱按时换药,瘢痕评分高于12分的患者6例,其余患者瘢痕评分均在12分以下,瘢痕不明显。结论 颌面部外伤有其特定的发病规律:各年龄段均有发生;最容易受伤的部位以下颌部居多;受伤类型主要为摔倒、坠落等造成的挫裂伤居多,年龄段越小,发生的概率越高大。家长、老师在年龄段较小的受伤高峰期应加强监管,提高安全防范意识。成人在上下班途中,应注意防晒交通事故,聚餐时减少饮酒。外伤后应及时到整形外科就诊,联合多种抗瘢痕治疗措施,将术后瘢痕发生的可能性降到最低。而整形外科医师应通过全面的审美观念指导、精湛的缝合技巧、精细的缝合器械及缝线、术后系统及时的抗瘢痕治疗,促进伤口愈合,减小瘢痕。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of emergency facial trauma patients in the plastic surgery department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.Methods The data of 345 patients with facial trauma treated in the Department of plastic surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from September 1,2019 to December 31,2020 were analyzed.Statistics were made on gender,age,injury time,length of treatment after injury,cause of injury,wound location,degree of postoperative healing,postoperative anti scar measures,postoperative scar evaluation,etc.,and the data were analyzed.Results Among 345 patients,there were 196 males and 149 females,with a male to female ratio of about 1.32∶1;The minimum was 0.7 years old after birth,and the maximum was 50 years old.From the whole week,the injury time from Monday to Friday is mainly concentrated in the period of 19:00-00:00,and the injury time on Saturday and Sunday is in the period of 10:00-19:00 and 19:00-00:00.Most of the children were treated within 5h after the injury.The main cause of the injury was falling.The main type of injury was contusion and laceration.The first two injured parts were the mandible and cheek.345 cases were followed up after the operation.All the children were treated with plastic and cosmetic technology.220 cases were treated with anti-scar measures according to the doctor's advice after the operation,and 125 cases were treated with anti-scar measures without the doctor's advice.During the follow-up period,there were 3 cases of postoperative infection,mainly from the bite and did not follow the doctor's advice to change dressing on time after operation.6 patients had scar score higher than 12,the scar scores of other patients were less than 12,and the scar was not obvious.Conclusion Maxillofacial regiontrauma has its specific pathogenesis:it occurs in all age groups.The most vulnerable parts of the mandibular region;the injuries are mainly caused by falls and falls.The younger the age,the higher the probability.Parents and teachers should strengthen supervision and improve safety awareness at the peak of injuries in younger age groups.Adults should pay attention to protect themselves from traffic accidents on the way to and from work,and reduce drinking at dinner parties.After trauma,patients should go to the plastic surgery department in time and combine various anti-scar treatment measures to minimize the possibility of postoperative scar occurrence.Plastic surgeons should promote wound healing and reduce scar through comprehensive aesthetic guidance,exquisite suture skills,fine suture instruments and sutures,and systematic and timely postoperative anti-scar treatment.
作者
李卫平
于扬
秦涛
马娟
董祥林
LI Weiping;YU Yang;QIN Tao;MA Juan;DONG Xianglin(Department of plastic surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,830054,China)
出处
《新疆医学》
2023年第4期398-403,共6页
Xinjiang Medical Journal
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(项目编号:2019D01C308)
关键词
急诊
颌面部外伤
流行病学
Emergency
Maxillofacial trauma
Epidemiology
作者简介
李卫平,男,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:创面愈合和瘢痕防治;通信作者:董祥林,男,博士,主任医师,研究方向:创面愈合和瘢痕防治。E-mail:dongxianglin8@163.com。
