摘要
目的调查中老年骨质疏松患者知识、信念、行为现状,分析其影响因素。方法于2019年12月-2020年6月,采用骨质疏松知识问卷、健康信念量表、自我效能量表对某三甲医院182例住院中老年骨质疏松患者进行问卷调查。结果中老年骨质疏松患者知识得分为(10.69±4.32)分、健康信念得分为(139.27±14.79)分、自我效能得分为(49.82±15.59)分。单因素分析显示,中老年骨质疏松患者的知识得分在不同性别、种族、文化水平、居住地、绝经期之间的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同民族、文化程度、居住地之间的健康信念得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同文化程度在自我效能得分上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,知识得分的影响因素有民族、性别、文化程度(P<0.05);健康信念的影响因素有民族和文化程度(P<0.05);自我效能得分的影响因素有文化程度(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,中老年骨质疏松患者的知识得分与健康信念得分呈正相关(r=0.475,P<0.05);与自我效能得分呈正相关(r=0.172,P<0.05);中老年骨质疏松患者的健康信念得分与自我效能得分呈正相关(r=0.321,P<0.05)。结论中老年骨质疏松患者的知信行水平有待提高,可相互影响、相互促进。应加强规范的健康教育,增加患者骨质疏松知识,增强健康信念,并促进健康行为,才能达到预防和减缓骨质疏松的目的。
Objective To explore the current status ofthe knowledge,belief and behavior of middle-aged and elderly osteoporosispatients,and to analyze about their influencing factors.Methods A total of 182 hospitalized middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis patients in a tertiary A hospital were surveyed by the osteoporosis knowledge questionnaire,health belief scale,self-efficacy scale from December 2019 to June 2020.Results The knowledge score of middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis patients was(10.69±4.32),health belief score was(139.27±14.79),and a self-efficacy score was(49.82±15.59).Univariate analysis showed that the differences in theknowledge scores of middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis patients were statistically significant among different genders,ethnicity,cultural level,residence,and menopause(P<0.05);the differences in health belief scores among different ethnicities,cultural levels,and residence were statistically significant(P<0.05);and the differences in the self-efficacy scores between different literacy levelswere statistically significant(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing ofthe knowledge scores were ethnicity,gender and cultural level(P<0.05);the health beliefs'influence factors were ethnicity and cultural level(P<0.05);the self-efficacy score was cultural level(P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed a positive correlation occurred between knowledge scores and health belief scores in middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis patients(r=0.475,P<0.05),and positively correlated withthe self-efficacy scores(r=0.172,P<0.05);a positive correlation occurred between health belief scores and self-efficacy scores in middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis patients(r=0.321,P<0.05).Conclusion The knowledge,health belief and practice level of middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis patients need to be improved,which can influence and promote each other.To achieve the purpose of preventing and slowing osteoporosis,we should strengthen standardized health education on osteoporosis,increase patient health knowledge,enhance health beliefs,and promote health behaviors.
作者
任海燕
张荣霞
季俊敏
王惠丽
REN Haiyan;ZHANG Rongxia;JI Junmin;WANG Huili(People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumuqi,830001,China)
出处
《新疆医学》
2023年第8期991-995,共5页
Xinjiang Medical Journal
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院院内基金项目(项目编号:20190124)
关键词
中老年
骨质疏松
知识
健康信念
自我效能
影响因素
Middle-aged and elderly people
OP
Knowledge
Health beliefs
Self-efficacy
Influencing factors
作者简介
任海燕,女,硕士,主管护师,研究方向:临床护理;通信作者:王惠丽,女,主任护师,研究方向:内科护理。E-mail:598369482@qq.com。
