摘要
风化壳淋积型稀土矿富含中重稀土,主要分布在中国的南方七省,目前主要用硫酸铵作为浸取剂的化学浸出法回收稀土。浸取剂在矿体中的渗流、传质过程直接影响着稀土浸出效率,强化其渗流、传质过程可以提高稀土浸出的有效渗流速度,加快稀土离子交换速率,降低浸取剂用量,缩短生产周期,实现稀土绿色高效回收。本文分析了风化壳淋积型稀土矿渗流、传质过程的研究现状,总结了风化壳淋积型稀土矿渗流、传质过程的强化方法。结果表明,继续探索浸取液在风化壳淋积型稀土矿矿体中的有效渗流扩散规律和找寻促进稀土传质的高效传质规律,并以此为指导筛选浸取剂和助浸剂、改进注液方式、增加外力场将是强化风化壳淋积型稀土矿渗流、传质过程的主要研究方向。
Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores are rich in medium and heavy rare earths,which are mainly distributed in seven southern provinces of China.At present,the chemical leaching method mainly using ammonium sulfate as the leaching agent is used to recover rare earths.The seepage and mass transfer process of the leaching agent in the ore body directly affect the efficiency of rare earth leaching.Strengthening the seepage and mass transfer process can increase the effective seepage rate of rare earth leaching,speed up the exchange rate of rare earth ions,reduce the amount of leaching agent,shorten the production cycle,and realize the green and efficient acquisition of rare earths.Therefore,this paper analyzes the current research status of the seepage and mass transfer process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores,summarizes the methods of strengthening the seepage and mass transfer process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores.The results show that the main research directions for enhancing the seepage and mass transfer process of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores will be to continue to explore the effective seepage and diffusion laws of the leaching liquid in the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore body,find the efficient mass transfer law that promotes the mass transfer of the rare earths,and use these laws as guidences to screen leaching agents and leaching aids,improve liquid injection methods,and increase external force fields.
作者
刘楚凡
周芳
吴晓燕
冯健
池汝安
LIU Chu-fan;ZHOU Fang;WU Xiao-yan;FENG Jian;CHI Ru-an(School of Chemical Engineering&Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Key of Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430073,China;Xingfa School of Mining Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《稀土》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期111-121,共11页
Chinese Rare Earths
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U1802252,91962211,51874212)
科技部重点研发计划项目(2018YPC1801800)
关键词
风化壳淋积型稀土矿
浸出工艺
渗流
传质
weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore
leaching process
seepage
mass transfer
作者简介
刘楚凡(1996-),男,湖南岳阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事稀土湿法冶金研究,E-mail:lcfls520@163.com;通讯作者:池汝安,教授,E-mail:rac513@163.com
