摘要
目的建立基于人体解剖学结构的精细化头颈部有限元模型,研究不同后碰撞速度下颈部损伤。方法该模型以人体头颈部CT扫描图像为基础,利用Mimics进行三维骨重建,通过Hyper Mesh完善颈部三维实体韧带、小关节等组织,并进行网格划分。生成的模型包括头部、8节椎骨(C1~T1)、6个椎间盘(包括纤维环、髓核和上下软骨终板)、小关节(包括软骨和关节囊韧带)、韧带、肌肉等结构,最后在有限元后处理软件中完成模型验证与后碰撞计算。结果分别对模型进行轴向冲击、前后屈伸和侧屈模拟并与实验数据对比,验证模型的有效性,并进行速度为20、40、60、80 km/h后碰撞计算。在20 km/h速度下,颈部无损伤出现,在40、60、80 km/h速度下,最早出现损伤的都是韧带。随着速度增加,颈部各组织受力不断增大。速度为80 km/h时,颈椎的密质骨、松质骨和纤维环最大应力分别为226.4、11.5、162.8 MPa,当韧带应变达到极限时,开始出现撕裂。结论所建头颈部有限元模型具有较高的生物仿真度和有效性,可用于交通事故中颈部损伤分析的研究,在一定程度上有助于颈椎损伤的诊断、治疗和预防。
Objective To establish the precise finite element model of the head and neck based on human anatomical structure,so as to study neck injuries caused by rear impact at different speeds.Methods The model was based on CT scan images of the head and neck of human body.The Mimics software was used to reconstruct the three-dimensional(3 D)bone,and the 3 D solid ligaments,small joints and other tissues of the neck were improved and meshed by HyperMesh.The generated models included the head,8 vertebrae(C1-T1),6 intervertebral discs(annulus,nucleus pulposus and upper and lower cartilage endplates),facet joints(cartilage and joint capsule ligaments),ligaments,muscles,etc.Finally,the model verification and post-collision calculation were completed in the finite element post-processing software.Results The simulation results of the models under axial impact,front and back flexion and lateral flexion were compared with the experimental data to verify the effectiveness of the model.Then post-collision simulation at the speed of 20,40,60 and 80 km/h was conducted.At the speed of 20 km/h,there was no damage to the neck.At the speed of 40,60 and 80 km/h,the ligament was the first to be damaged.As the speed increased,the stress on tissues of the neck increased continuously.At the speed of 80 km/h,the maximum stresses of the dense bone,cancellous bone and annulus of the cervical vertebrae were 226.4,11.5,and 162.8 MPa,respectively.When the ligament strain reached the limit,tearing began to occur.Conclusions The finite element model of the head and neck established in this study has high bionicsand effectiveness,and can be used for studying neck injury analysis in traffic accidents,which is helpful for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of cervical spine injury to a certain extent.
作者
崔普东
安美文
张绪树
郭媛
CUI Pudong;AN Meiwen;ZHANG Xushu;GUO Yuan(College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;College of Biomedical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Material Strength and Structural Impact,Taiyuan 030024,China)
出处
《医用生物力学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期83-89,共7页
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31870934,11372208,11472185).
关键词
有限元模型
模型验证
颈部损伤
动力学响应
后碰撞
finite element model
model validation
neck injury
dynamic response
post-collision
作者简介
通信作者:安美文,教授,E-mail:meiwen_an@163.com
