摘要
文章详细分析了宣州片吴语全浊声母在单字和语流中的音变,研究结果表明:(1)全浊声母单字(非摩擦韵母前)发生音变时是“清音浊流”(例如[t^(ɦ)]),经历了“弱化”和“浊流清化”(送气化)的叠加音变;(2)全浊声母单字的弱化不同步,表现为声母不同步、韵母不同步和词频使用不同步;(3)全浊声母单字“弱化”先于“送气化”启动,但“送气化”先于“弱化”完成,“送气化”的完成又进一步加速了“弱化”的发展;(4)全浊声母在语流中发生音变时是“真浊音”(例如[d]),大多弱化为近音、浊擦音和零声母,全浊声母在单字和语流中的音变有差异,是因为全浊声母在单字和语流中发生音变时“浊音”性质有差异,且两类“浊音”走了不同的音变路径。
This study analyzed the sound change of voiced onsets of Middle Chinese in Xuanzhou cluster of Wu Chinese in monosyllable and intervocalic position.The study results show that:(1)The voiced onsets in monosyllable are voiceless stops followed by a voiced aspiration when the sound change happened.the voiced onsets of Middle Chinese produced as h-in Maolin Wu Chinese is caused by the superimposed sound changes of“devoicing”(also“aspiration”)and“lenition”;(2)The lenition of Voiced Onset is asynchronous.It shows that the Voiced Onsets weakened differently according to the onset category,the rhyme category and the word frequency;(3)The“lenition”of the voiced onsets in monosyllable precedes“aspiration”.However“aspiration”is completed before“lenition”,and the completion of“aspiration”further accelerates the development of“lenition”;(4)The voiced onsets in monosyllable are unstressed intervocalic position are“real voiced stops”when the sound change happened,given the lenition of real voiced stop,the voiced onsets changed to approximants and voiced fricatives.Given the different phonetic features in monosyllable and intervocalic positions,it leads to different sound change direction in monosyllable and intervocalic positions.
出处
《语言研究集刊》
2023年第2期48-69,389,共23页
Bulletin of Linguistic Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“宣州片吴语语音演变研究”(项目编号21FYYB046)
上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“吴湘语声母发声类型比较研究”(项目编号2021BYY005)
上海市浦江人才计划“基于实验分析的吴湘语全浊声母演变类型研究”(项目编号2020PJC041)的资助。
关键词
宣州片吴语
全浊声母
弱化
送气化
单字
语流
Xuanzhou cluster of Wu chinese
Voiced Onsets of Middle Chinese
lenition
voiceless
monosyllable
intervocalic position
作者简介
袁丹,dyuan@hanyu.ecnu.edu.cn
