摘要
前辈学者对《诗经》"句中韵"现象多有研究。本文以为某些特殊的押韵形式是否真的属于《诗经》的韵例,应有再进一步思考的空间。本文从以下六个方面进行论证:(1)韵部宽严与通转合用的认定;(2)叠韵联绵词前一音节是否入韵;(3)叠音词前一音节是否入韵;(4)单独一句中谐音二字是否属于韵字;(5)相同句式却做不同方式处理的疑义;(6)先视韵部相同或相近而后定为句中韵是否合宜。通过对以上现象的讨论,本文认为《诗经》"句中韵"现象可以通过对整首诗的篇章结构、用韵格律以及相同句法形式诗句等的分析而明晰。本文不揣固陋,一来善尽读者职责,提请作者释疑;二来以期借此引发更为广泛的讨论,获得更多有关《诗经》韵律研究的成果。
Many scholars have contributed ideas to"line rhyme"studies.However,the author doubts that if those exceptional rhyming patterns are sufficiently qualified for being a part of the established rhyming convention of Shijing.Therefore,the author suggests six perspectives to response to the debate.1.Intensity of reviewing standards and rules of tongzhuan,for instance,《小雅·无将大车》首章:无将大车,祇自尘兮.无思百忧,祇自疧兮.Does the rhyme occur at尘and疧?2.Does the rhyme occur at the first syllables of a dieyun word(a word comprises rhyming characters)?《周南·卷耳》第二章:陟彼崔嵬,我马虺隤.Dose the rhyme occur at崔and虺?3.Does the rhyme occur at the first syllables of a dieyun word(a word comprises reduplication of characters),for instance,《大雅·绵》第六章:捄之陾陾,度之薨薨,筑之登登,削屡冯冯.Does the rhyme occur at陾,薨,登and冯?4.Slant rhyme occurs within a single line,for instance,《齐风·甫田》第三章:婉兮娈兮,总角丱兮!未几见兮,突而弁兮!Dose the rhyme occur at婉and娈?5.The same line structure but different explanations,for instance,《陈风·东门之杨》各章:东门之杨,其叶牂牂.昏以为期,明星煌煌.东门之杨,其叶肺肺.昏以为期,明星晢晢.The rhyme occurs at the first"杨",but doesn’t occur at the second"杨".6.Is it proper to recognize a rhyme as"line rhyme"by having the same vowel or not?For instance,《豳风·七月》第二、三章:七月流火,九月授衣.七月流火,八月萑苇.The two lines have the same structure.However,due to"流"and"授"have the same vowel,the first line was recognized that with a rhyme.On the other hand,"流"and"萑"don’t have the same vowel,the third line was not recognized that with a rhyme.As discussed above,the author reckons that to recognize a rhyme as"line rhyme",an analysis of objective conditions such as the structure of the poem,rhyming patterns and line structures is required.Therefore,the author tries to organize the existing theories and makes comments,expects more studies about the rhyming patterns of Shijing in the future.
作者
李添富
Li Tien-Fu(Department of Chinese Literature,Fu Jen Catholic University)
出处
《韵律语法研究》
2020年第2期82-101,共20页
Studies in Prosodic Grammar
关键词
韵律
句中韵
古韵分部
通转
rhyme
line rhyme
ancient phonetic system
tongzhuan(slant rhyme)
作者简介
李添富,台湾辅仁大学中国文学系,527388@gmail.com
