摘要
12世纪出现了蒙古部首领祖元皇帝与太祖元明皇帝,祖元皇帝即合不勒汗,“元明”即屯必乃汗之名,是古代突厥语tun(元)bilga(明)转入蒙古语中后的讹化音。蒙古部改元“天兴”,是指他们在蒙古部内部称汗,或为宣称脱离辽朝和金朝统治的一种表达方式,但绝非汉语语境下的“改元”。天兴即蒙元皇帝圣旨套语mongke tngri-yin kücün-dür, yeke suu J ali-yin ibegen-dür(长生天气力里,大福荫护助里)的简略译法。为区别于12世纪前中期的“蒙古国”(Mongγol Ulus),成吉思汗名其创建的国家为“大蒙古国”(Yeke Mongγol Ulus)。
Among the Mongol tribe’s leaders 祖元 Zuyuan emperor and太祖元明Taizu Yuanming emperor who appeared in the 12th century,祖元Zuyuan emperor was more secure as合不勒汗Khabul Khan,and元明Yuanming could be regarded as the name of屯必乃汗Tunbinai Khan,which was a corrupted sound after the ancient Turkic language ton(元yuan)bilga(明Ming)was transferred into Mongolian.Mongol tribe changed their regnal year to天兴Tianxing,which means that they obtained the title of Khan in the Mongol tribe,or it can be regarded as an expression that claimed to be separated from the rule of the Liao and Jin Dynasties,but it can not be understood by“改元gaiyuan”in the Chinese context.天兴Tianxing is an abbreviated translation of the imperial decree of the Mongol Empire and Yuan Dynasty’s emperors:mongke tngri-yin kücün-dür,yeke suu J ali-yin ibegen-dür(长生天气力里,大福荫护助里changshengtian qilili,dafuyin huzhuli).Genghis Khan named the empire he created“Yeke Mongγol Ulus”.
作者
白玉冬
赵筱
Bai Yudong;Zhao Xiao(Lanzhou University;Liaoning Normal University)
出处
《元史及民族与边疆研究集刊》
2021年第2期12-23,共12页
Studies on the Mongol-Yuan and China's Bordering Area
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“北朝至隋唐民族碑志整理与研究——以胡语和境外汉语碑志为对象”(编号18ZDA177)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助项目“胡语和境外汉语碑刻与唐代西北地区历史(编号211zujbkyjh004)”阶段性成果
作者简介
白玉冬,兰州大学敦煌学研究所教授;赵筱,辽宁师范大学中国史专业硕士研究生
