摘要
目的:了解药源性过敏反应的发生特点,为临床提供参考。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,调取解放军药品不良反应报告数据库中2016~2018年所有过敏反应的自发报告,剔除无效报告后对报告一般情况、患者年龄、性别、致敏药物分类、给药途径、ADR发生时间和转归情况进行统计分析;比较其中一般的ADR与严重的ADR的差异。结果:发生一般ADR人群年龄为(47.42±22.33)岁,严重ADR患者年龄为(52.57±18.98)岁,两者差异明显(P<0.001)。一般ADR中出现频次最高的药物依次为抗菌药物(37.65%)、中成药(13.25%)、神经系统用药(7.65%)、抗肿瘤药(5.56%);严重ADR大致相同,为抗菌药物(24.33%)、抗肿瘤药(11.16%)、神经系统用药(9.48%)、中成药(7.72%)。一般ADR中91.93%累及皮肤黏膜系统,主要表现为皮疹(51.05%),而严重ADR累及皮肤黏膜系统仅为40.51%,其次为全身症状18.13%、心血管系统17.97%,主要表现为过敏性休克16.63%。一般ADR中38.85%发生在用药30 min内,低于严重ADR的58.22%。结论:过敏反应的致敏药物种类多,累及多个系统,严重时可危及生命;有必要对重点品种开展主动监测,提供临床用药参考。
Objective:To investigate the characteristics of drug-induced allergic reactions and provide reference for clinic.Methods:The cases of allergic reactions were retrospectively collected from the database of PLA ADR Monitoring Center and statistical analysis was conducted on the general situation of the report,age,gender,classification of the causative drugs,route of administration,time of occurrence of ADR and outcome after invalid reports were excluded.Results:The average age of general ADRs patients was 47.42±22.33,and that of the severe ADRs patients was 52.57±18.98(P<0.001).The drugs with the highest occurrence frequency in general ADRs were antibacterial drugs 37.65%,The Chinese Medicine(TCM)13.25%,nervous system drugs 7.65%and antineoplastic 5.56%,respectively.Severe ADRs were much the same,including antibacterial drugs 24.33%,antineoplastic 11.16%,nervous system drugs 9.48%,and TCM 7.72%.91.93%of general ADRs involved the mucocutaneous system,mainly presenting as rash(51.05%),while only 40.51%of severe ADRs involved the mucocutaneous system,followed by systemic symptoms(18.13%),cardiovascular system(17.97%),mainly presenting as anaphylactic shock(16.63%).38.85%of general ADRs occurred within 30 minutes after administration,which was lower than 58.22%of severe ADRs.Conclusion:There are many kinds of drug triggers for allergic reactions,involving multiple systems and endangering life in severe cases.It is necessary to carry out targeted active monitoring of allergic reactions to provide reference for clinical medication.
作者
刘思源
郭代红
姚翀
杨鸿溢
孔祥豪
于承暄
朱雨
贾王平
Liu Siyuan;Guo Daihong;Yao Chong;Yang Hongyi;Kong Xianghao;Yu Chengxuan;Zhu Yu;Jia Wangping(Department of Pharmaceutical Care,PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)
出处
《药物流行病学杂志》
CAS
2020年第2期110-114,共5页
Chinese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology
基金
2017年军事医学创新工程重点项目(编号:17CXZ010).
关键词
过敏反应
过敏性休克
药品不良反应
报告
药物警戒
Allergic Reactions
Anaphylactic Shock
Adverse drug reaction
Report
Pharmacovigilance
作者简介
通讯作者:郭代红,Tel:(010)66939673,E-mail:guodh301@163.com
