摘要
目的了解山东省青岛市大学生健康素养现状,应用logistic回归模型与决策树模型分析大学生健康素养的影响因素,为相关部门进行大学生健康促进提供参考。方法2021年9-11月采用分层随机抽样法,对山东省青岛市1966名大学生开展健康素养调查,分析健康素养(包括3个方面、6类健康问题)、健康知识获取途径。建立二元logistic回归模型和基于χ^(2)自动交叉检验法(CHAID算法)的分类决策树模型,分析大学生健康素养的影响因素。结果山东省青岛市大学生总体健康素养水平为66.23%(1302/1966)。3个方面(基本知识和理念、基本技能、健康生活方式与行为)的素养水平分别为77.87%(1531/1966)、62.31%(1225/1966)、47.25%(929/1966);6类健康问题(科学健康观、健康信息、传染病防治、基本医疗、安全与急救、慢性病防治)的素养水平分别为47.25%(929/1966)、60.99%(1199/1966)、63.02%(1239/1966)、67.80%(1333/1966)、69.58%(1368/1966)、80.72%(1587/1966)。logistic回归分析表明,性别(OR=0.745,95%CI:0.605~0.917,P=0.006)、专业(OR=0.456,95%CI:0.348~0.600,P<0.001)、生源地(OR=1.290,95%CI:1.049~1.586,P=0.016)、每月生活费(OR=0.683,95%CI:0.535~0.872,P=0.002)、慢性病情况(OR=1.548,95%CI:1.068~2.243,P=0.021)、健康教育课程选修情况(OR=0.586,95%CI:0.470~0.729,P<0.001)、体质量指数(BMI,OR=0.642,95%CI:0.524~0.787,P<0.001)是青岛市大学生健康素养水平的影响因素。决策树分析表明,专业是影响该地区大学生健康素养水平的最主要因素(OR=2.216,95%CI:1.752~2.804,P<0.001),其次是每月生活费(OR=3.471,95%CI:2.234~5.394,P<0.001)、年级(OR=2.807,95%CI:1.609~4.898,P<0.001)、选修健康教育课程(OR=2.082,95%CI:1.527~2.838,P<0.001)和BMI(OR=1.580,95%CI:1.125~2.218,P=0.002)。结论青岛市大学生的整体素养水平相对较高,性别、专业、年级、生源地、每月生活费水平、慢性病情况、健康教育课选修情况、BMI是影响该地大学生健康素养的主要因素。
Objective To understand the current situation of college students'health literacy in Qingdao city,and analyze the influencing factors of college students'health literacy by applying logistic regression model and decision tree model,so as to provide reference for relevant departments to promote health.Methods A health literacy survey was conducted on 1966college students in Qingdao city,Shandong province from September to November 2021 using stratified random sampling method to analyze health literacy(including 3aspects and 6types of health problems)and health knowledge acquisition.A binary logistic regression model and a classification decision tree model based on chi square automatic cross validation(CHAID algorithm)were established to analyze the influencing factors of college students'health literacy.Results The overall health literacy level of college students in Qingdao city was 66.23%(1302/1966).The literacy level of 3aspects(basic knowledge and concept,basic skills,healthy lifestyle and behavior)was 77.87%(1531/1966),62.31%(1225/1966)and 47.25%(929/1966)respectively.The literacy level of 6types of health problems(scientific health concept,health information,infectious disease prevention,basic medical care,safety and first aid,and chronic disease prevention)was 47.25%(929/1966),60.99%(1199/1966),63.02%(1239/1966),67.80%(1333/1966),69.58%(1368/1966),and 80.72%(1587/1966)respectively.logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=0.745,95%CI:0.605-0.917,P=0.006),major(OR=0.456,95%CI:0.348-0.600,P<0.001),place of origin(OR=1.290,95%CI:1.049~1.586,P=0.016),monthly living expenses(OR=0.683,95%CI:0.535-0.872,P=0.002),chronic disease status(OR=1.548,95%CI:1.068-2.243,P=0.021),elective health education courses(OR=0.586,95%CI:0.470-0.729,P<0.001)and Body mass index(BMI)(OR=0.642,95%CI:0.524-0.787,P<0.001)are influencing factors on the level of health literacy among college students in Qingdao.Decision tree analysis shows that major is the most important factor affecting the health literacy level of college students in this region(OR=2.216,95%CI:1.752~2.804,P<0.001),followed by monthly living expenses(OR=3.471,95%CI:2.234~5.394,P<0.001),grade(OR=2.807,95%CI:1.609~4.898,P<0.001),elective health education courses(OR=2.082,95%CI:1.527~2.838,P<0.001),and BMI(OR=1.580,95%CI:1.125~2.218,P=0.002).Conclusion The overall literacy level of college students in Qingdao city is relatively high,and gender,major,grade,place of origin,monthly living expenses,chronic disease situation,elective health education courses,and BMI are the main factors affecting the health literacy of local college students.
作者
季娜
贾宝琪
崔莲花
JI Na;JIA Bao-qi;CUI Lian-hua(School of Public Health,Qingdao University,Shandong 266012,China;Medical Department,Qingdao University)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2023年第12期881-886,918,共7页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(S202111065189)
中国高等教育学会教育科研课题(21DWYB12)
作者简介
季娜(1999-),女,本科在读,研究方向:公共卫生与预防医学;通信作者:崔莲花,Email:qdlhcui@163.com
