摘要
以现有文献为基础,总结遥感技术在应急管理四个阶段的应用情况。发现在应急管理预防和准备阶段,遥感技术的运用主要是绘制风险图;响应阶段,遥感技术的运用主要是识别灾害范围;恢复阶段,遥感技术的运用主要是根据受灾前后影像图,确定具体损失,统计损失情况,以及监测恢复进程、寻找事故原因。在这些应用中,遥感技术的进展主要体现在数据获取、解译以及3S技术的结合方面。然而,目前存在一些问题,包括缺乏综合应急管理系统的研究、多源遥感数据的高成本、难以满足及时性需求以及遥感数据共享和协同面临挑战等。为解决这些问题,提出了增加在人为灾害中应用遥感技术的研究、建立贯穿应急管理全过程的遥感应用系统、将遥感技术与其他技术和数据相结合、提高遥感影像处理的自动化水平等的未来研究方向。
Based on existing literature,summarize the application of remote sensing technology in the four stages of emergency management.The findings reveal that in the prevention and preparation stages of emergency management,remote sensing technology is primarily employed in the creation of risk maps.In the response stage,it facilitates the identification of disaster areas.In the recovery stage,it plays a crucial role in assessing specific damages through pre-and post-disaster imagery,calculating losses,monitoring the recovery process,and determining the causes of accidents using remote sensing data.At the same time,the progress in the application of remote sensing in emergency management is analyzed from three aspects:the acquisition,interpretation,and integration of 3S technology.However,the current research on establishing a comprehensive remote sensing-based emergency management system remains limited.Challenges such as high costs associated with integrating multi-source remote sensing data,difficulties in timely data processing to meet emergency management requirements,and obstacles in remote sensing data sharing and collaboration are identified.In light of these challenges,future research directions are proposed.These include enhancing the application of remote sensing technology in mitigating human disasters,establishing a comprehensive remote sensing application system that spans the entire emergency management process,integrating remote sensing technology with other technologies and data,and enhancing the level of automation in remote sensing image processing.
作者
刘沁萍
张雪丹
田洪阵
Liu Qinping;Zhang Xuedan;Tian Hongzhen
出处
《中国应急管理科学》
2023年第11期78-96,共19页
Journal of China Emergency Management Science
基金
天津市哲学社会科学研究规划项目(TJGL21-025)
关键词
遥感技术
应急管理
自然灾害
人为灾害
Remote Sensing Technology
Emergency Management
Natural Disasters
Human Induced Disasters
作者简介
刘沁萍,天津工业大学经济与管理学院副教授;张雪丹,天津工业大学经济与管理学院硕士研究生;田洪阵,天津工业大学经济与管理学院副教授。
