摘要
刑事程序的协商性处理是刑事司法发展的重要趋势,在德国主要表现为认罪协商制度。认罪协商受到德国刑事诉讼法的严格规制,在实践中却出现实体与程序的双重突破。对此,德国司法的规范与判例层面,从诉讼价值与诉讼构造双管齐下,形成有效的规范控制路径。在诉讼价值层面,强调实质真实主义的罪责原则与发现实质真实,并结合最低限度的程序正义;从诉讼构造角度,在传统职权主义的背景下,需要强调法官的职权控制,突出控方的制约功能,进而强化对协商的规范要求。从德国经验出发,我国的协商性司法需要加强法官的司法控制、削弱检察官的主导地位、强化最低限度的程序正义,从而处理好规范与实践的关系。
The negotiating treatment of criminal procedures is an important trend in the criminal justice.In Germany,it is mainly characterized as a negotiated agreement.The negotiated agreement is strictly regulated by the German Criminal Procedure Law,but in practice there is breakthrough in both substance and procedure.In this regard,the norms and cases form an effective normative control path in both procedural value and procedural structure.At the level of procedural value,it emphasizes the principle of guilt and the substantive truth with the minimum of procedural justice.From the perspective of procedural structure,in the context of traditional inquisitorial system,it is necessary to emphasize the control of judges’authority and highlight the restriction of the prosecution,which in turn reinforces the regulatory requirements for negotiation.From the German experience,our country’s negotiated justice needs to strengthen the judicial control of judges,weaken the prosecutor’s dominant position,and strengthen the minimum of procedural justice,so as to handle the relationship between norms and practice.
关键词
认罪协商
实质真实主义
职权主义
最低限度的程序正义
认罪认罚从宽
Negotiated Agreement
The Substantive Truth
Inquisitorial System
The Minimum of Procedural Justice
The System of Lenient Punishment for Admission of Guilt and Acceptance of Punishment
作者简介
王瑞剑,北京大学法学院博士研究生。
