摘要
胡里人在古代西亚的技术革新和生产力发展中曾经扮演了关键角色。由于靠近金属产地,他们较早掌握了冶炼技术,并在本地区金属贸易中发挥了重要作用。同时,胡里人很早就使用马匹,并在欧亚草原与西亚的马匹贸易中占据重要地位。在此基础上,他们还借鉴了印欧族群的马匹饲养方法,发展出高超的战马驯养技艺。此外,胡里人将古代西亚的战斗车辆改造成战车,并用于大规模作战,以此推动了该技术在西亚北非地区的发展与传播。最后,胡里人还发明了玻璃,并将其作为一门独立的手工业技术传播至整个西亚北非地区。因此,通过与亚美尼亚高原、安那托利亚、伊朗高原地区的文明交流互鉴,胡里人在创造和吸收各地区技术的基础上,进一步推动了这些技术的发展,为古代西亚北非地区生产力的进步做出了不可磨灭的贡献。
The Hurrians played a crucial role in the technological innovation and productivity development in ancient Western Asia.Being close to metal provenances regions,they mastered metallurgy and played an important part in the metal trade.In addition,the Hurrians were early horse users and held a significant position in the horse trade from the Eurasian steppes into Babylonia.They early used the horses and mastered the horse breeding skills of Indo-European groups and developed advanced horses'training techniques.The Hurrians also transformed the war-carts into chariots for large-scale warfare,which promoted the development and spread of this technology in Western Asia and North Africa.The Hurrians invented glassmaking,transforming it into an independent industry that spread throughout Western Asia and North Africa.In the process of civilization exchange and mutual learning between Mesopotamia and the Armenian Highlands,Anatolia and Iranian plateau,the Hurrians further developed and promoted these technologies to a higher level on the basis of absorbing various technologies created in various regions,making indelible contributions to the progress of productivity in ancient West Asia and even North Africa.
出处
《中东研究》
2024年第1期1-31,377,共32页
Middle East Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“新王国时期埃及对叙巴地区的治理研究”(23YJA770014)资助
关键词
胡里人
金属冶炼
驯养马匹
战车
玻璃
The Hurrians
Metal-smelting
Horse-domesticating
Chariot
Glass
作者简介
袁指挥,天津师范大学历史文化学院教授,博士研究生导师,主要研究方向为世界古代史、古代近东史、古代近东外交史。
