摘要
目的分析新冠病毒新型变异株感染者的临床和流行病学特征,为科学开展新型变异株疫情防控提供参考。方法对北京市朝阳区2023年2月1日—2023年5月31日接报的除BA.5.2和BF.7及其亚分支外,其他未在北京市本土流行的新冠病毒新型变异株感染者进行个案调查,对收集到的信息进行描述性流行病学分析。结果共调查110例新型变异株感染者,其中100例(90.91%)检出XBB及其亚分支。感染者中,男性64例,女性46例,年龄中位数为32岁,72例(65.45%)为境外感染;境外感染者的年龄、疫苗接种率、再次感染率均高于本土感染者(P<0.05)。100例(90.91%)感染者在此次病程中出现临床症状,主要表现为发热(66.00%)、咽痛(53.00%)、咳嗽(52.00%),35.00%的病例符合流感样病例定义;再次感染者出现临床症状的比例低于首次感染者(P=0.004)。感染者核酸或抗原转阴时间为(5.92±2.95)d,病程为5.00(4.00~8.75)d;再次感染者转阴时间(5.08±2.60)d短于首次感染者(6.49±3.06)d(P=0.026)。未发现XBB及其亚分支与非XBB感染者在临床症状、转阴时间等方面存在差异(P>0.05)。共判定核心密接252人,续发率为12.70%,非XBB感染者的续发率(38.46%)高于XBB及其亚分支感染者(11.30%)(P=0.015)。结论2023年2月—5月朝阳区新冠病毒新型变异株感染者主要为境外感染,本土感染者多为首次感染,首次感染者在本次病程中出现临床症状的比例均高于再次感染者,核酸或抗原转阴时间更长。非XBB感染者的续发率高于XBB及其亚分支感染者,需引起关注。
Objective To describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of cases infected with novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variant diagnosed during February–May,2023 in a district of Beijing city for effective containment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic.Methods The surveyed cases were 110 laboratory-confirmed novel SARS-CoV-2 variant infections diagnosed in sampling inspection and surveillance at customs departments and medical institutions and reported to health agency of Chaoyang district of Beijing city during February–May,2023.The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics.The novel SARS-CoV-2 variant refers to the SARS-CoV-2 strains not detected previously in the district(except for BA.5.2/BF.7 and their sub-variants).Results The 110 cases were consisted of 64 males and 46 females,with a median age of 32 years;compared to those in the local cases,significantly higher median age and proportions of COVID19 vaccination and secondary attack were observed in the 72(65.45%of all the cases)imported cases(P<0.05 for all).Among all the cases,100(90.91%)were identified as having infections of SARS-CoV-2 XBB variant and subvariants based on whole-genome sequencing analysis.The number of symptomatic cases was 100(90.91%of all cases)and main clinic symptoms were fever(66.00%in proportion),sore throat(53.00%),and cough(52.00%);and 35.00%of the symptomatic cases could be diagnosed as influenza-like illness.Significantly more symptomatic cases were observed in initial infections than in the reinfections(P=0.004).For all the cases,The duration of negative seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid or antigen was 5.92±2.95 days and the disease course of was 5.00(percentile 25:4.00,percentile 75:8.75)days.Compared to the cases with initial infection,the cases with reinfection had significant shorter duration(5.08±2.60 days vs.6.49±3.06 days)of negative seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid or antigen(P=0.026).Prevalence of clinical symptoms and the duration of negative seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid or antigen were not significantly different between the cases with SARS-CoV-2 XBB variant infection and the cases with non-XBB infection(P>0.05).The epidemiological survey among the 110 cases identified totally 252 intimately close contacts and the secondary attack rate in the close contacts was 12.70%;the secondary attack rate was higher in the contacts of non-XBB variant infections than in the contacts of XBB variant infections.Conclusion During February to May 2023 in a district of Beijing,the majority of reported novel SARS-CoV-2 variant cases were imported cases;most of the local cases were initial infections;the proportion of symptomatic cases was higher in initial infections than that in the reinfections but the initial infections had a longer duration of negative seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid or antigen than the reinfections;the secondary attack rate was higher in the contacts of non-XBB variant infections than in the contacts of XBB variant infections.
作者
郝瑞祺
许志远
张晓凤
陈建容
张猛
姜晓红
齐啸
HAO Ruiqi;XU Zhiyuan;ZHANG Xiaofeng;CHEN Jianrong;ZHANG Meng;JIANG Xiaohong;QI Xiao(Department of Epidemic and Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention,Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期1579-1584,共6页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
新冠病毒
新冠病毒感染
新型变异株
XBB
续发
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
novel variant
SARS-CoV-2 XBB variant
secondary attack
作者简介
第一作者:郝瑞祺(1990–),医师,硕士,研究方向:传染病预防控制;通信作者:齐啸,E-mail:cyqwjwcdcqx@bjchy.gov.cn
