摘要
浙贝母为大宗常用中药材,具有清热散结,化痰止咳的功效,现多为人工栽培生产,其栽培过程需要施用基肥、腊肥、苗肥和后期追肥。目前,基肥和腊肥的施用可以使用农家肥或有机肥替代,但后期追施的钾肥还没有完成有机肥的替代工作研究。黄腐酸钾是黄腐酸肥料的一种,它既能起到黄腐酸对作物生长的调节作用,又能补充作物生长所必须的钾元素。该文以人工栽培技术较为成熟的浙贝母为模式植物,首次系统地研究施用黄腐酸钾对于根茎类中药材浙贝母的品质、产量的影响。主要采用HPLC-ELSD测定贝母素甲、乙的含量,热浸法测定醇浸出物含量,并用叶绿素计对其进行SPAD检测。结果表明,施用1.5~2.25 kg·hm-2黄腐酸钾(黄腐酸≥50%、K2O≥2%)的处理组产量显著高于不进行追肥对照组;施用1.5~2.25 kg·hm-2黄腐酸钾后,浙贝母的指标成分醇溶物达到21.61%~22.27%;贝母素甲和贝母素乙的总量显著高于施用磷酸二氢钾的处理组,达到0.09%~0.10%。因此,适量的黄腐酸钾有机肥可以代替原有的纯化学肥料磷酸二氢钾,用于浙贝母生长的后期追肥。
Fritillaria thunbergii is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine,which has the effects of clearing heat and resolving stagnation,eliminating phlegm and relieving cough.At present,it is mostly produced by cultivation,and the cultivation process requires application of base fertilizer,winter fertilizer,seedling fertilizer and late top dressing.Now farmyard manure or organic fertilizer can be used to replace the base fertilizer and winter fertilizer,but the research on the replacement of organic fertilizer has not been completed for the late top dressing.Potassium fulvate is a kind of fulvate fertilizer,which can not only regulate the growth of crops but also supplement potassium necessary for the growth of crops.In this paper,using F.thunbergii as a model plant with mature cultivation techniques,the effect of potassium fulvate on the quality and yield of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine F.thunbergii was systematically studied for the first time.HPLC-ELSD was used to determine the contents of peimine A and peimine B,hot dip method was used to determine the content of alcohol extract,and the SPAD-502 Plus chlorophyll meter was used to detect SPAD value.The results showed that applying 1.5 to 2.25 kg·hm-2 of potassium fulvic acid per hectare could effectively improve the yield of F.thunbergii and there was significantly difference between potassium phosphate monobasic and potassium fulvic acid in terms of quality.After the application of range 1.5 to 2.25 kg·hm-2 of potassium fulvic acid per hectare,the content of alcohol soluble extract of F.thunbergii was ranged 21.61%to 22.27%,the total amount of peimine A and peimine B were ranged 0.09%to 0.10%.Applying 1.5 to 2.25 kg·hm-2 of potassium fulvic acid per hectare could replace the conventional pure chemical fertilizer potassium phosphate monobasic,which could be used as top dressing fertilizer for the cultivation of F.thunbergii.
作者
郎晓平
孙健
沈晓霞
王志安
LANG Xiao-ping;SUN Jian;SHEN Xiao-xia;WANG Zhi-an(Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053,China;Zhejiang Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310023,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期72-77,共6页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
浙江省中药材新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02058)
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700700)
浙江省重点研发项目(2017C02011).
关键词
浙贝母
栽培
有机肥
黄腐酸钾
Fritillaria thunbergii
cultivation
organic fertilizer
potassium fulvic acid
作者简介
通信作者:王志安,教授级高工,研究方向为中药材育种,E-mail:1225922359@qq.com
