摘要
法学与政治学的学科关系,关乎知识体系、教学单位与科研体制的构建。晚清时期,中国先是引介了法学包含政治学的欧洲式学科关系、法学与政治学分离的美国式学科关系,而后又创造出政治学包含法学的本土化学科关系,形成知识上的竞争格局。甲午战争以后,主持学堂改革的晚清官僚们大多选择了最符合自身观念与利益的本土化学科关系,从而塑造了清末法学与政治学的最初发展态势。这一本土化法、政学科关系仅停留在概念层面,缺少完备性的知识体系作为支撑。随着日本有意的知识输出,一套具有完备性和可操作性的欧洲法、政知识体系转道日本传入中国,成为寻求深化改革的晚清官僚们的更优选择,欧洲式法、政学科关系由此占据了支配地位。历史表明,晚清法学与政治学学科关系的变迁是知识竞争与权力选择互动的产物,而学术本土化如果不能从概念创新发展到知识体系创新,纵然一时得到权力的支持也终将难以持久。
The disciplinary relationship between legal science and political science is related to the construction of knowledge system,teaching unit and scientific research system.In the late Qing Dynasty,the European-style disciplinary relationship that the legal science encompassed the political science and the American-style disciplinary relationship that the political science was separated from the legal science were introduced to China,and then a localized disciplinary relationship that the political science encompassed the legal science was created,forming a competitive structure of knowledge.After the First Sino-Japanese War,most of the officials of the late Qing Dynasty taking charge of the school reform chose the localized disciplinary relationship that best met their own ideas and interests,thus shaped the initial construction of legal science and political science in the late Qing Dynasty.However,such localized disciplinary relationship between legal science and political science only stayed at the conceptual level,and lacked complete knowledge system as support.With the intentional output of knowledge by Japan,a complete and operable knowledge system of legal science and political science originated in Europe was introduced into China via Japan,which became a better choice for officials of the late Qing Dynasty who sought deepened reform,thus the European-style disciplinary relationship achieved the dominant position.History shows that the changes in the disciplinary relationship between legal science and political science in the late Qing Dynasty was the result of the interaction between knowledge competition and power choice,and if academic localization could not develop from concept innovation to knowledge system innovation,even if it was supported by power for a while,it would hardly last.
出处
《政治与法律》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期160-176,共17页
Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金青年项目“近代中国政治学本土知识生产的制度逻辑研究(1899-1952)”(项目编号:22CZZ004)的阶段性成果
关键词
晚清
法学学科
政治学学科
本土化
知识
权力
Late Qing Dynasty
the Discipline of Legal Science
the Discipline of Political Science
Localization
Knowledge
Power
作者简介
王劲嵛,湖南师范大学公共管理学院讲师、法学博士。
