摘要
集中决策环境下的生产计划问题通常涉及所有子单元的参与,每个子单元都对总生产做出自己的贡献.在做生产计划时,中央决策者需要根据下一季度已知的或可以预测的产品需求和可用资源的变化,确定各子单元的投入和产出数量.一方面,由于短期内生产技术水平的相对稳定性,较大幅度地提高生产不切实际,因而需要考虑生产计划的可实现性,即下一季度的生产计划距离当前季度的生产状态越近则越容易实现.另一方面,以前的生产计划研究中,中央决策者没有为各个子单元制定有针对性的管理目标,使得生产计划不能完全体现管理者对目标的期望,因而在制定生产计划时应该将管理目标考虑在内,同时要求生产计划尽可能靠近管理目标.此外,在生产过程中,产出又可以分为期望产出和非期望产出.从这几个角度出发,在集中决策环境下,通过考虑生产计划的可实现性和提前设定的管理目标,为具有非期望产出的集中组织提供了基于数据包络分析(DEA)的生产计划方法,并通过淮河沿岸32家造纸厂的真实案例对提出的模型进行阐释.
The problem of production planning in a centralized decision-making environment usually involves the participation of all subunits,and each subunit makes its own contribution to the total production.When making a production planning,the central decision-maker needs to determine the inputs and outputs quantities of each subunit based on the changes in product demand and available resources that are known or predictable in the next quarter.On the one hand,due to the relative stability of the production technology level in the short term,it is unrealistic to greatly increase production,we need to consider the attainability of the production planning,that is,the closer the production plan for the next quarter is to the production status of the current quarter,the easier it is to achieve.On the other hand,in the previous production planning research,the central decision-maker did not formulate targeted management goals for each subunit,so that the production plan cannot fully reflect the manager’s expectations of the goal,so the management goals should be taken into account,and the production planning is required to be as close as possible to the management goals.In addition,in the production process,outputs can be divided into desirable and undesirable outputs.From these perspectives,a production planning method based on data envelopment analysis(DEA)for decision-making units with undesirable outputs was proposed by considering the attainability of production planning and management goals set in advance in a centralized decision-making environment.The proposed model was illustrated by the real cases of 32 paper mills along the Huaihe River in Anhui Province,China.
作者
曾文江
杨锋
ZENG Wenjiang;YANG Feng(School of Management,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)
基金
国家自然科学基金(71991464,71631006)资助
关键词
数据包络分析
生产计划
可实现性
管理目标
非期望产出
data envelopment analysis
production planning
attainability
management goals
undesirable outputs
作者简介
曾文江,男,1993年生,硕士生.研究方向:基于DEA的生产计划.E-mail:weirdo@mail.ustc.edu.cn;通讯作者:杨锋,博士/教授,E-mail:fengyang@ustc.edu.cn
