摘要
目的:考察大学生自杀风险的动态发展轨迹,以及性别、专业、生源类型和父母教养方式等对自杀风险发展轨迹的预测效应。方法:随机抽取湖北地区6所本科院校1486名在校大学生进行为期3年的纵向追踪调查,每学年测评1次,共完成3次追踪测评,采用潜变量混合增长模型(LGMM)进行数据分析。结果:大学生自杀风险的发展趋势可划分为3个类型,分别是C1中风险-缓解组(11.5%)、C2低风险-缓升组(83.5%)和C3高风险-缓解组(5.1%)。大学生自杀风险整体上随时间呈略微上升趋势,后逐渐趋于水平。3个组别的自杀风险发展轨迹均具有显著的时间效应,C1组持续下降,C2组缓慢上升,C3组先急剧下降后缓慢上升。父母教养方式中(父)过分干涉、(母)情感温暖理解以及偏爱被试,对C3组具有显著负向预测作用(P<0.05),(父)偏爱、(母)过干涉过保护对C3组具有显著正向影响(P<0.05)。结论:大学生自杀风险发展轨迹具有显著的群体异质性和个体差异性。
Objective:To investigate the development of college students’suicide risk,and the factors such as gender,major,parental rearing etc.as predictors of it.Methods:A total of 1486 college students from 6 universities in Hubei Province were randomly selected and tracked in a three-year longitudinal survey,being evaluated once in each academic year.Data analysis is mainly based on the Latent Growth Mixed Model(LGMM).Results:The development tendencies of college students’suicide risk could be classified into 3 categories:the Moderate-risk-mitigation Group(C1,11.5%),the Low-riskescalation Group(C2,83.5%)and the High-risk-mitigation Group(C3,5.1%).In general,college students’suicide risk as a whole tended to get slightly upward in the very first phase but changed little in the long run.All 3 groups’development trajectories showed significant time effects—C1’s risk declined moderately over time,while C2’s went up slowly,and C3’s raised increasingly after a sharp drop at first.Especially for C3,father’s excessive intervention and mother’s emotional warmth caused significant negative predictive effects on its risk trend(P<0.05),while father’s preference for a participant and mother’s excessive protection and intervention showed remarkable positive predictive effects on it(P<0.05).Conclusion:Group heterogeneity and individual diversities are significant features of the developmental trajectory of college students’suicide risk.
作者
刘爱楼
LIU Ai-lou(Department of Student Affairs,Hubei Normal University,Huangshi 435002,China)
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期361-365,共5页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究2019年度青年基金项目“基于数据挖掘的大学生自杀风险预警与干预决策辅助体系的构建研究”(No.19YJCZH101)
2019年度湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究青年项目“基于数据挖掘的大学生自杀风险预警与精准干预的追踪研究”(No.19Q109)
关键词
大学生
自杀风险
发展轨迹
潜变量混合增长模型
College students
Sucide risk
Development tendency
the Latent Growth Mixture Model
