摘要
土传病害严重影响了番茄种植的产量和经济效益。因此筛选优良的土传病害拮抗微生物用于生物防治对解决此问题具有重要意义。本试验以番茄根际土壤为材料,以4株番茄根腐病致病菌立枯丝核菌、腐皮镰刀菌、尖孢镰刀菌和链格孢菌为对峙菌,筛选得到NSB-26和RSB-6两株具有优良拮抗性能的细菌。经形态学和生理生化鉴定及16 SrDNA序列分析,发现NSB-26为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌、RSB-6为暹罗芽孢杆菌。通过盆栽试验对菌株NSB-26和RSB-6的生防效果进行了验证,试验设置了3个处理:病原菌处理(T1),拮抗菌+病原菌处理(T2)和等量清水处理(CK)。结果表明:与T1和CK处理相比,T2处理番茄幼苗的生长有明显的上升趋势,株高、根长、鲜重、干重均明显提高,T1和T2株高的最高增加幅度分别达10.06%和3.95%;根长的最高增加幅度分别达67.09%和26.48%;处理15天时,植株鲜重的最高增加幅度分别达133.21%和93.20%;植株干重的最高增加幅度分别达126.42%和81.82%。此外,叶绿素a、b含量也显著上升。说明拮抗菌处理可有效减轻土传病害,提高番茄幼苗的抗性,这为番茄根际拮抗菌的进一步开发利用提供了理论依据。
Soil-borne diseases seriously affect the yield and economic benefits of tomato,and it is of great significance to select excellent antagonistic microorganism for biological control of soil-borne diseases.In this study,NSB-26 and RSB-6 two antagonistic strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil of tomato using four pathogenic fungi(Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria)of tomato root rot.NSB-26 and RSB-6 were identified as Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus siamensis by physiological and biochemical tests and 16 S rDNA analysis,respectively.The pot experiment was carried out to verify the effect of the obtained strain on tomato root rot disease.Three treatments were set:treated with pathogen(T1),treated with antagonistic bacteria and pathogen mixture(T2),and treated with equal amount of water(CK).The results showed that the plant height,root length,the dry and fresh weight of T2 significantly increased compared with those of T1 and CK.The maximum increase range of plant height in T1 and T2 was 10.06%and 3.95%,respectively;and the increase of root length was up to 67.09%and 26.48%,respectively.After 15 days treatment,the maximum increase range of fresh weight of T1 and T2 was 133.21%and 93.20%,respectively,and that of dry weight was 126.42%and 81.82%,respectively.In addition,chlorophyll a and b content also increased significantly.In conclusion,antagonistic treatment could effectively reduce the soil borne disease and increase the resistance of tomato seedling,providing a research basis for further development and utilization of tomato rhizosphere antagonistic bacteria.
作者
迟晓丽
刘珂欣
许超
刘维维
张潇
朱浩
金晓
孙中涛
刘丽英
Chi Xiaoli;Liu Kexin;Xu Chao;Liu Weiwei;Zhang Xiao;Zhu Hao;Jin Xiao;Sun Zhongtao;Liu Liying(College of Life Science,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an Shandong 271018)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第3期135-141,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山东省“双一流”项目“禽畜养殖与农林废弃物无害化处理与资源化利用”(SYL2017XTTD15)
山东省重点研发计划“盐渍土快速改良与地力培肥产品的研发与应用”(2017CXGC0306)
济南市科学技术发展项目“综合利用菌糠制备有机水溶肥和双源腐植酸生物有机肥的关键技术研究与应用示范”(201704026).
关键词
番茄
土传病害
拮抗细菌
根际土壤
筛选
鉴定
评价
tomato
soil-borne disease
antagonistic bacteria
rhizosphere soil
screening
identification
evaluation
作者简介
第一作者:迟晓丽,女,1993年出生,山东栖霞人,硕士,研究方向:生物质资源的开发与利用。通信地址:271018山东省泰安市泰山区岱宗大街61号,E-mail:570382343@qq.com;通讯作者:刘丽英,女,1976年出生,山东昌邑人,副教授,博士,研究方向:废弃物资源的微生物转化。通信地址:271018山东省泰安市泰山区岱宗大街61号山东农业大学生命科学学院,Tel:0538-8242908,E-mail:llylxy@163.com。
