摘要
什么样的制度是正义的?什么是制度的形式正义、实质正义和程序正义?从政治哲学的观点看,形式正义关注制度应该如何实行的问题,实质正义涉及的是制度本身的性质,而程序正义处理的东西则是制度应该如何产生出来。按照这种理解,法治是制度的形式正义,它要求法律的执行应该是公正的和一致的;自由和平等是制度的实质正义,即自由和平等作为政治价值应该体现在宪法和各种法律之中,而宪法和各种法律要保障每一位公民都能享有自由和平等的权利;民主是制度的程序正义,它赋予法律和各种政治决定以合法性。
What kind of institutions is just?What are formal justice,substantive justice and procedural justice of institutions?From the perspective of political philosophy,formal justice deals with how the institutions should be exercised,substantive justice deals with what properties the institutions should have,and procedural justice deals with how institutions should be produced.On this understanding,the paper puts forward a proposal:Rule of law is the formal justice of institutions,that demands the exercise of law should be impartial and consistent;Freedom and equality are the substantive justice of institutions,that both of them as political values may embody in the constitution and the laws,while the constitution and the laws should guarantee every citizens to have rights of freedom and equality;Democracy is the procedural justice of institutions,that entrusts the law and the political decisions with legitimacy.
作者
姚大志
YAO Dazhi(School of Marxism Studies,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004)
出处
《中国人民大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期27-33,共7页
Journal of Renmin University of China
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“平等主义之后的哲学研究”(20AZX013)
关键词
正义
制度
自由
平等
Justice
Institutional
Freedom
Equality
作者简介
姚大志:浙江师范大学马克思主义学院特聘教授
