摘要
为探究长江下游安庆段草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)仔稚鱼资源时空特征与水文因子之间的响应关系,本研究于2018—2020年每年的4—8月在长江安庆段对草鱼仔稚鱼进行连续监测,结合形态学与分子生物学方法共计鉴定出272尾草鱼仔稚鱼,连续3年捕获量占四大家鱼捕获量的比例分别为12.30%、17.86%与4.37%;通过仔稚鱼资源量估算,2018—2020年通过安庆段的仔稚鱼径流量分别为3.95×10^(8)、5.79×10^(8)、3.29×10^(8)尾。时空特征分析结果显示,2018—2020年安庆段草鱼仔稚鱼集中出现在5—7月,高峰期发生在5月和7月中上旬,其中2020年因洪水暴发不利于繁殖,仔稚鱼丰度最低,其主汛期也存在推迟的现象;Kruskal-Wallis检验表明左、右岸草鱼仔稚鱼丰度显著高于江心(P<0.05,n=70),2018—2020年整体平均丰度呈现出左岸(8.99 ind/1000 m^(3))>右岸(5.34 ind/1000m^(3))>江心(3.53 ind/1000 m^(3))的空间分布规律。通过Pearson相关性分析表明,草鱼仔稚鱼丰度与水温、水位日上涨率、径流量日上涨率呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与透明度呈极显著负相关的关系(P<0.01);GAM模型分析结果显示,水文因子相对重要性由高到低依次为水温、透明度、水位日上涨率、径流量日上涨率。本研究中GAM模型总偏差解释率达到90.8%,较为准确地揭示了草鱼仔稚鱼丰度与水文因子之间的响应关系,为揭示长江草鱼早期资源的发生机制积累了基础数据。
To explore the relationship between the temporal and spatial characteristics of larval Ctenopharyngodon idellus and hydrological factors in the Anqing section of the lower Yangtze River,the larval C.idellus were systematically monitored from April 2018 to August 2020.A total of 272 larval C.idellus were identified using morphological and molecular biological methods,of which the three-year catch accounted for 12.30%,34.52%,and 4.37%of the four major fish catches in China in 2018,2019,and 2020,respectively.According to the estimation of larval fish resources,their runoffs were 3.95×10^(8),5.79×10^(8),and 3.29×10^(8),for 2018,2019,and 2020,respectively.The results of spatial and temporal characteristics analysis showed that the larvae and juveniles of C.idellus were present mainly from May to July,with peaks in May and the early part of mid-July.In 2020,the abundance of larvae and juveniles of C.idellus was the lowest because the flood was not suitable for breeding and because the main flood season was delayed.Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the abundance of larval C.idellus on the left and right banks was significantly higher than that in the middle of the river(P<0.05,n=70).From 2018 to 2020,the spatial distribution of the overall average abundance was distributed as follows:left bank(8.99 ind/1000 m^(3))>right bank(5.34 ind/1000 m^(3))>middle of the river(3.53 ind/1000 m^(3)).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the abundance of larval C.idellus was significantly positively correlated with water temperature,the daily rising rate of water level,and runoff and negatively correlated with transparency.GAM model analysis showed that the relative importance of hydrological factors was as follows:water temperature>transparency>daily rising rate of water level>daily rising rate of runoff.In this study,the total deviation interpretation rate of the GAM model reached90.8%,which accurately revealed the response relationship between the abundance of larval C.idellus and hydrological factors.This study accumulated basic data for understanding the occurrence mechanism of early C.idellus resources in the Yangtze River.
作者
彭云鑫
方弟安
徐东坡
丁隆强
黎加胜
任鹏
何晓辉
罗宇婷
PENG Yunxin;FANG Di'an;XU Dongpo;DING Longqiang;LI Jiasheng;REN Peng;HE Xiaohui;LUO Yuting(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Changjiang River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China)
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期314-324,共11页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900903)
中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD61).
关键词
长江安庆段
草鱼仔稚鱼
时空动态
水文因子
Anqing section of the Yangtze River
larval Ctenopharyngodon idellus
spatial and temporal dynamics
hydrological factors
作者简介
彭云鑫(1996-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为鱼类早期资源.E-mail:2370057783@qq.com;通信作者:方弟安,研究员,主要从事渔业资源方向研究,E-mail:fangdian@ffrc.cn;通信作者:徐东坡,研究员,主要从事渔业资源方向研究,E-mail:xudp@ffrc.cn
