摘要
鱼类个体因为社会原因而聚集的现象称为鱼类群体行为,受到多种因素的影响。为考察生态情境及其测定次序对镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.specularis)幼鱼群体行为的影响,本研究以喜集群的镜鲤幼鱼为研究对象,将大小相近且健康的实验鱼随机分成固定组和随机组,将每个处理组的鱼群放在不同的生态情境(开放水域环境、食物环境和食物+避难所环境)条件下拍摄实验鱼的群体行为,并且采用抽签的方式确定随机组的拍摄顺序以模拟生态情境转变。结果发现:(1)生态情境复杂性的增加和测定次序的改变降低了个体游泳速度及其同步性。(2)生态情境复杂性的增加会增大最近邻距离和个体间距离,然而测定次序的改变降低了非开放水域环境(食物环境和食物+避难所环境)的最近邻距离。(3)生态情境复杂性的增加降低了开放水域环境和食物+避难所环境的群体游泳速度和群体运动时间比。(4)镜鲤的个体间距离和群体极性呈负相关,而随机顺序增强了其在开放水域环境和食物+避难所环境中的负相关程度。结果表明,生态情境复杂度越高,其群体凝聚力和协调性越低;而随机顺序增强了镜鲤幼鱼的凝聚力和其在非开放水域环境的协调性,降低了镜鲤幼鱼群体在开放水域的协调性,从而显示了该鱼显著的集群行为,对群体运动中个体成员的信息交流有着积极的影响。
Group living is a widespread social phenomenon of animals(e.g.,insect swarms,fish shoals,bird flocks,and mammal herds),and collective behavior is affected by ecological contexts and its determination sequence.To investigate the ecological contexts and its determination sequence on the collective behavior of the Cyprinidae fish,the present study used mirror carp(Cyprinus carpio var.specularis)with similar body mass and healthy condition as the experimental fish at(26.3±0.2)℃.Our study included two treatment groups(i.e.,the fixed sequence group and the random sequence group),with each treatment group containing 14 fish shoals of six individuals.The fish stock in each processing group was placed in different ecological contexts(i.e.,the open water environment,the food environment,and food plus refuge).We determined the shooting sequence of the random group by drawing lots to simulate environmental changes.Our results showed that the ecological context and determination sequence could reduce the swimming speed and synchronization of Mirror carp individuals.Additionally,the ecological context can increase the distance between the nearest neighbor and the individual.However,the change in the determination sequence reduces the distance between the nearest neighbor in the non-open water environment(the food environment and the food plus shelter environment)of mirror carp.Furthermore,the ecological context and determination sequence could reduce the group swimming speed and percentage time on moving of the group.There was a negative correlation between inter-individual distance and population polarity of the mirror carp.Moreover,the random sequence enhanced this negative correlation between the open water environment and the food plus shelter environment.Our study suggested that ecological context can decrease the coordination and cohesion of fish shoal in the mirror carp.However,the random sequence enhances the coordination and cohesion of fish shoals and reduces the coordination of the open water environment,thus showing the significant cluster behavior of the fish.This positively impacts the information exchange of individual members in the group movement.
作者
曹冰
罗桠
曾令清
CAO Bing;LUO Ya;ZENG Lingqing(Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology,College of Life Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期1759-1767,共9页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31300341)
重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN201900540,KJQN202000539)
重庆市留学人员回国创业创新支持计划项目(cx2019153)
关键词
镜鲤
生态情境
测定次序
群体行为
凝聚力
协调性
Cyprinus carpio var.specularis
ecological context
determination sequence
collective behavior
cohesion
coordination
作者简介
曹冰(1997-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为鱼类生理生态与行为学.E-mail:1242946027@qq.com;通信作者:曾令清,博士,副教授,研究方向为鱼类生理生态与行为学.E-mail:lingqingzeng@cqnu.edu.cn
