摘要
为研究移植大银鱼(Protosalanx chinensis)群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构,本研究从大银鱼基因组中筛选了18对多态微卫星引物,对2016—2020年采集的4个水系(8个水体)大银鱼共计281个样本进行群体遗传学分析。共得到172个等位基因,其中等位基因数(N_(a))为3~24,平均值为9.600;有效等位基因数(N_(e))为1.039~4.595,平均值为2.384;期望杂合数(H_(e))为0.035~0.804,平均值为0.507;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.034~0.775,平均值为0.469,其中10个位点属于高度多态位点(PIC>0.5)。群体平均等位基因数(N_(a))为3.389~5.389,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.373~0.479,8个水体的群体均处于中度多态水平(0.25<PIC<0.5)。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果发现,大银鱼总变异中的84.54%来自群体内,15.46%来自群体间。主成分分析(PCA)和Structure分析结果均显示8个水体群体最有可能分为3个亚群;依据Nei氏遗传距离的UPGMA聚类树将8个水体分为2个大支;连环湖的5个相对独立的水体群体均为一大支,但群体间出现较大的分化,那什代(NS)和他拉红(TL)聚为一支后与二八股子(EB)聚为一支,大龙湖(DL)和阿木塔(AM)聚为一支;兴凯湖(XK)与新立城水库(XLC)聚为一支后与太湖(TH)聚为一支。研究表明,移植的大银鱼北方群体保持了较好的遗传多样性水平,不同水系群体间存在高度的遗传分化(F_(st)=0.1867>0.15)。为防止群体遗传衰退,建议将南方和北方作为不同群体进行保护,连环湖作为大银鱼的主要产地,应当进行重点保护。
This study aimed to investigate the genetic structure and variability within the clearhead icefish(Protosalanx chinensis)population by developing 18 microsatellite(simple repeat sequence,SSR)primers for population genetic analyses.In total,281 samples of P.chinensis were collected from four water systems and eight water bodies since 2016.The results were as follows:172 alleles were detected,with an average of 9.6 alleles(N_(a))ranging from 3 to 24;the number of effective alleles(N_(e))ranged from 1.039 to 4.595,with an average of 2.384;the expected heterozygosity(H_(e))ranged from 0.035 to 0.804,with an average value of 0.507;and the polymorphic information content(PIC)ranged from 0.034 to 0.775,with an average of 0.469.Notably,10 of these loci exhibited high polymorphism with PIC values exceeding 0.5.Regarding population-level statistics,the average allele number(N_(a))of the eight water populations was 3.389–5.389 and the average value was 4.375.The polymorphic information content(PIC)was 0.373–0.479,with an average value of 0.419.Analysis of Molecular Variance(AMOVA)showed that 84.54%of the total variation in P.chinensis came from within populations and 15.46%from genetic variation among populations.Additionally,a Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was conducted on eight geographic populations of P.chinensis,and all individuals were divided into three subgroups.Nei's genetic distance was employed to construct a UPGMA cluster tree,which classified the eight water bodies into two major branches.Among these,the five water groups of Lianhuan Lake displayed considerable diversity,with Nashidai(NS)and Talahong(TL)forming clusters that subsequently merged with Erbaguzi(EB).Similarly,Dalonghu(DL)and Amuta(AM)grouped,indicating that these five water bodies constituted independent entities within the Lianhuan Lake.Moreover,Xingkai Lake(XK)and Xinlicheng Reservoir(XLC)were grouped,followed by their combination with Taihu Lake(TH)as another unit.Research has shown that the northern population of P.chinensis maintains a high level of genetic diversity and exhibits significant genetic differentiation from populations in different water bodies.To safeguard and preserve population diversity,it is imperative to recognize and protect the distinct statuses of both the southern and northern water system populations.In particular,the preservation of Lianhuan Lake,which serves as the primary source of P.chinensis,is of paramount importance.
作者
郑义
鲁翠云
郑先虎
那荣滨
唐富江
ZHENG Yi;LU Cuiyun;ZHENG Xianhu;NA Rongbin;TANG Fujiang(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Heilongjiang River Basin,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Breeding,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China)
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期1417-1428,共12页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(GA20B202)
农业农村部政府购买服务项目(A120401)
国家水产种质资源平台项目(FGRC18537).
关键词
大银鱼
微卫星
移植群体
遗传多样性
遗传结构
Protosalanx chinensis
Microsatellite
Transplant population
Genetic diversity
Genetic structure
作者简介
郑义(1998-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为鱼类群体遗传学.E-mail:w15142324@163.com;通信作者:唐富江,副研究员,研究方向为鱼类生态学.E-mail:rivery2008@163.com
